基于潜在类别分析的维持性血液透析患者症状特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis of symptom characteristics and influencing factors in maintenance hemodialysis patients based on latent class analysis

作　　者：夏宁宁 刘静[1] 潘奎静[2] XIA Ningning;LIU Jing;PAN Kuijing(Kidney Center,Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China;Office of Director,Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属明基医院肾脏中心,南京210019 [2]南京医科大学附属明基医院院长办公室,南京210019

出　　处：《重庆医学》2024年第21期3312-3317,共6页Chongqing Medical Journal

基　　金：江苏省南京市卫生科技发展基金项目(YKK21255)。

摘　　要：目的探讨维持性血液透析(MHD)患者的症状特征的潜在类别,分析(LCA)影响不同潜在类别的因素。方法2022年3-5月采用方便抽样法选取南京市某三级甲等医院血液净化中心380例MHD患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、疾病相关资料调查表、透析症状评估量表(DSI)进行问卷调查。对调查对象的症状特征进行潜在类别分析(LCA),并通过单因素分析、多元logistic回归分析不同潜在类别的影响因素。结果MHD患者的症状特征可分为3类:症状高发型(24.7%)、性功能障碍型(31.3%)、症状低发型(43.9%)。与症状低发型患者比较,低年龄段、低收入(P<0.05)的患者更容易被划分到症状高发型,步入中年(45~60岁)、有配偶、低收入、低透析龄短(P<0.05)的患者更容易被划分到性功能障碍型。结论医护人员应有效甄别同一群体患者中的不同症状特征,并予以个性化的干预管理。Objective To explore the latent class of the symptom characteristics in the patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD),and to analyze the factors affecting different latent class.Methods The convenience sampling method was adopted to select 380 cases of MHD in the Blood Purification Center of a class 3A hospital in Nanjing City from March to May 2022 as the respondents.The general data questionnaire,disease related data questionnaire and dialysis patient symptom assessment scale(DSI)were adopted to conduct the questionnaire survey.The symptoms characteristics of the respondents conducted the latent class analysis(LCA).Then the influencing factors of different latent categories were analyzed by the univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.Results The symptom characteristics in the patients with MHD could be divided into 3 categories:symptom high incidence type(24.7%),sexual dysfunction type(31.3%)and symptom low incidence type(43.9%).Compared with the patients with symptom low incidence type,the patients with low age group and low income were more likely to be classified as the symptoms high incidence type.The patients with entering middle age(45-60 years old),having spouse,low income and short dialysis age were more likely to be classified as the sexual dysfunction type.Conclusion Medical staff should effectively identify the different symptoms characteristics in the same group of the patients,and give the personalized intervention management.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 症状负担 特征 潜在类别分析 影响因素 护理 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]