基于X射线衍射指纹图谱技术的进口铁矿固废属性快速鉴别探究  

Research on rapid identification of solid waste properties of imported iron ore based on X-ray diffraction fingerprint technology

作　　者：李烃 沈维 易志伟 刘曙 陈朝方 吴飞龙 LI Ting;SHEN Wei;YI Zhiwei;LIU Shu;CHEN Chaofang;WU Feilong(Technical Center of Gongbei Customs,Zhuhai 519015,China;Technical Center for Industrial Product and Raw Material Inspection and Testing of Shanghai Customs District,Shanghai 200135,China)

机构地区：[1]拱北海关技术中心,广东珠海519015 [2]上海海关工业品与原材料检测技术中心,上海200135

出　　处：《冶金分析》2024年第10期38-44,共7页Metallurgical Analysis

基　　金：拱北海关科研项目(2021GK017);珠海市社会发展领域科技计划项目(2420004000056)。

摘　　要：相似度作为数字信号科学中的一个定量定性参数,已被国家药典委员会确定为中药指纹图谱标准中的一项重要评价指标。本文将其引入进口固体废物属性快速鉴别研究中,先采用X射线衍射(XRD)技术,建立外观呈黄色(Y)、红色(R)、黑褐色(B)各15个进口铁矿的XRD指纹图谱,分别计算并绘制其XRD平均对照图谱,确定共有指纹特征峰,再采用相关系数法和夹角余弦法进行相似度评价,计算得各组15个铁矿样品的XRD图谱与其对照图谱之间相关系数r≥0.9606、夹角余弦cos(α)≥0.9800。添加含铁固废(氧化铁皮、炉渣、除尘灰)可导致相似度降低,且掺杂量越大,其指纹图谱与对照指纹图谱之间的差异越大,从而进一步确定固废鉴别阈值,从量化的数据上直观鉴别铁矿和含铁固废及其掺杂物。实验结果表明,采用此法掺杂10%含铁固废的铁矿样品可被有效识别,同时该方法在实际样品检测中表现出较好的快筛效果。Similarity,as a quantitative and qualitative parameter in digital signal science,has been identified as an important evaluation index in the standard of traditional Chinese medicine fingerprint by Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission.In this article,similarity evaluation is introduced into the research on rapid identification of solid waste properties of imported iron ore.First,X-ray diffraction(XRD)technology is used to establish XRD fingerprint for three groups of imported iron ores,each group consisting of 15 samples,with appearances of yellow(Y),red(R),and dark brown(B).The XRD average reference spectra are calculated and plotted for each group.After extracting the common characteristic peaks,the similarity evaluation is conducted using the correlation coefficient method and the cosine similarity method.The results show that the correlation coefficients between the XRD patterns of each group of 15 iron ore samples and their reference spectra are not less than 0.9606,and the cosine of angle is not less than 0.9800.The addition of iron-containing solid waste(such as iron oxide scale,slag,and precipitator dust)can lead to a decrease in similarity,with larger adulteration amounts resulting in greater differences between their XRD fingerprint patterns.This further helps to determine the threshold for solid waste identification,allowing for a direct discrimination of iron ores and iron-containing solid waste and their adulterants from quantitative data.The experimental results indicate that iron ore samples adulterated with 10%iron-containing solid waste can be effectively identified using this method,and it also demonstrates good rapid screening effects in the detection of actual samples.

关 键 词：X射线衍射(XRD) 铁矿 固体废物 鉴别 相似度评价 相关系数 夹角余弦 

分 类 号：O657[理学—分析化学]