基于DEA-Tobit模型的某省公立医院运行效率及其影响因素研究  

Study on the operational efficiency of public hospitals and influencing factors in a province based on DEA-Tobit model

作　　者：郁昕怡 徐佳苗 刘健 黄晓光[1,2] YU Xinyi;XU Jiamiao;LIU Jian;HUANG Xiaoguang(School of Health Policy and Management,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211166,China;Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Health,Nanjing Jiangsu 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学医政学院,江苏南京211166 [2]江苏省健康研究院,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2024年第11期46-50,共5页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：江苏省卫健委科研基金项目-江苏省公立医院“十四五”高质量发展举措研究(2021KF0048)。

摘　　要：[目的]通过对某省(以下简称J省)公立医院的运行效率和影响因素的研究,为我国公立医院科学、合理地分配医疗资源提供参考。[方法]以J省2022年度297家公立医院为研究对象,收集各家医院卫生统计报表数据,选取了3个投入指标(卫生技术人员数、床位数、万元以上设备数)和2个产出指标(总诊疗人次数、出院人数)进行数据包络分析(DEA),并使用Tobit回归法分析医院效率的影响因素。[结果]J省2022年公立医院综合效率均值为0.612,纯技术效率均值为0.658,规模效率均值为0.919。医院所在地区GDP、地区常住人口、医护比、总收入、药占比和医师日均担负诊疗人次均是影响公立医院运行效率的因素。[结论]J省公立医院整体运行效率相对较低,规模扩张影响运行效率提高;公立医院人才技术发展与规模扩张不同步,技术效率仍具提升空间;运行效率与药占比呈负相关,应控制药占比助力医院可持续发展。Objective Through the research on the operational efficiency of public hospitals and influencing factors in J Province,it provides the reference for the scientific and reasonable allocation of medical resources of public hospitals in China.Methods This paper took 297 public hospitals in J Province in 2022 as research objects,and the data of health statistics reports of each hospital were collected,and three input indexes(the number of health technicians,the number of beds,and the number of equipment over 10000 yuan)and two output indexes(total number of patients and the number of discharges)were selected for data envelopment analysis(DEA).Tobit regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hospital efficiency.Results In 2022,the average of comprehensive efficiency of public hospitals in J Province was 0.612;the average of pure technical efficiency was 0.658 and the average of scale efficiency was 0.919.Gross regional product,the permanent population of the region,the ratio of doctors to nurses,total income,the proportion of drugs,and daily consultations of physicians were all factors that affected the operational efficiency of public hospitals.Conclusions The overall operational efficiency of public hospitals in J Province is relatively low,and the scale expansion affects the improvement of operational efficiency.The development of talent and technology is not synchronized with the scale expansion in public hospitals,and the technical efficiency still has room for improvement.Operational efficiency is negatively correlated with the proportion of drugs.The proportion of drugs should be controlled for the sustainable development of the hospital.

关 键 词：数据包络分析 公立医院 医院运行效率 TOBIT回归 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]