水电站地下厂房机械排烟对人员疏散影响的数值模拟研究  

Effect of Mechanical Smoke Exhaust System on Personnel Evacuation in Underground Powerhouseof Hydropower Station based on Numerical Simulation

作　　者：孙艺林 卢花妍 刘元美 成连华[2] SUN Yilin;LU Huayan;LIU Yuanmei;CHENG Lianhua(PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710065,China;Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,西安710065 [2]西安科技大学,西安710054

出　　处：《西北水电》2024年第5期45-50,共6页Northwest Hydropower

基　　金：陕西省重点研发项目(2017ZDXM-GY-107);中国电力建设股份有限公司重点科技项目(DJ-ZDXM-2023-49).

摘　　要：为了研究水电站地下厂房火灾条件下机械排烟对人员疏散的影响,利用计算流体力学软件FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)建立了水电站地下厂房的三维空间模型,通过数值模拟研究了不同工况条件下火灾烟气蔓延的一般规律,以及烟气高度和能见度对作业人员安全疏散的影响。结果表明:烟气高度是影响人员安全疏散的关键因素,烟气高度随时间变化关系呈线性方程。桥机是人员疏散的关键部位,极端条件下人员疏散控制时间为216 s。机械排烟能够有效控制烟气总量,最大可延长人员疏散的控制时间214 s,增加约54%的可用疏散时间,保证了各位置作业人员在可用疏散时间内完成疏散。研究成果可为水电工程地下厂房的防火性能化设计、安全评价以及事故应急预案的制定提供科学依据。To study the effect of mechanical smoke exhaust on personnel evacuation under fire conditions in underground powerhouse,a three-dimensional model of underground powerhouse is established using computational fluid dynamics software FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator).The spread law of fire smoke under various conditions and the influence of smoke height and visibility on the personnel evacuation are studied based on numerical simulations.The results show that the smoke height is the key factor affecting the personnel evacuation,and the relationship between smoke height and time is a linear equation.The bridge crane is the key part of personnel evacuation,and the evacuation control time is 216 s under extreme dangerous conditions.Mechanical smoke exhaust effectively controls the total amount of smoke,extended the maximum evacuation control time of 214 s,increased the available evacuation time about 54%,and ensure the personnel evacuation in each location within the available evacuation time.The study results provide a scientific basis for the fire performance-based design,safety evaluation and the emergency plan for underground powerhouse of hydropower station.

关 键 词：水电站 地下厂房 FDS 火灾模拟 人员疏散 

分 类 号：TU9[建筑科学]