对偶材料对铜-石墨复合材料载流摩擦磨损性能的影响  

Effects of counterpart materials on the current-carrying friction and wear properties of copper-graphite composites

作　　者：吴海红 王能慧 张礼松 叶佳钰 王传锋 涂有旺 康潇 WU Haihong;WANG Nenghui;ZHANG Lisong;YE Jiayu;WANG Chuanfeng;TU Youwang;KANG Xiao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;CSSC Jiujiang Marine Equipment(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Jiujiang 332008,China;State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [2]中船九江海洋装备(集团)有限公司,九江332008 [3]中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室,长沙410083

出　　处：《粉末冶金材料科学与工程》2024年第5期384-395,共12页Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy

基　　金：江西省重大科技研发专项项目(20223AAE01002)。

摘　　要：为探究铜-石墨复合材料在不同对偶材料下的载流摩擦磨损性能及相关机理,采用加压烧结法制备2种不同石墨含量的铜-石墨复合材料,并选用T2紫铜、QCr0.8铜锆合金和镀硬金的紫铜作为对偶材料进行载流摩擦磨损实验。通过扫描电镜、纳米压痕仪、表面轮廓仪和销盘摩擦磨损试验仪,对材料的微观结构、硬度和载流摩擦磨损性能进行研究。结果表明:与3种对偶材料对磨,铜-石墨材料的摩擦因数均在0.4~0.5之间,磨损率在10-13m3/(N·m)数量级,平均电压降在0.7~1.4 V之间,平均电噪声在0.2~0.7 mV之间。其中,QCr0.8铜锆合金作为对偶材料时,铜-石墨复合材料的载流摩擦磨损性能最佳,表现出最低的磨损率、电压降和电噪声,此时材料的磨损机制主要为剥层磨损和少量磨粒磨损,表面形成了由Pb、石墨和少量氧化物组成的润滑膜。To investigate the current-carrying friction and wear properties and underlying mechanisms of copper-graphite composites against different counterpart materials,two types of copper-graphite composites with varying graphite contents were prepared using the pressure sintering method.T2 copper,QCr0.8 copper-zirconium alloy,and hard gold-plated copper were selected as counterpart materials for current-carrying friction and wear tests.The microstructure,hardness,and friction and wear properties of the materials were examined using scanning electron microscopy,nanoindentation,surface profilometry,and pin-on-disk friction and wear test apparatus.The results show the average friction factors of the copper-graphite composites range between 0.4 and 0.5,the wear rates are on the order of 10-13 m3/(N·m),the average voltage drop ranges from 0.7 V to 1.4 V,and the average electrical noise ranges from 0.2 mV to 0.7 mV when grinding with the three counterpart materials.Among these,the copper-graphite composite exhibits the best current-carrying friction and wear properties when paired with QCr0.8 copper-zirconium alloy,showing the lowest wear rate,voltage drop,and electrical noise.The wear mechanism at this situation is primarily characterized by delamination wear and minor abrasive wear,with the formation of a lubricating film mainly composed of Pb,graphite,and a small number of oxides on the surface.

关 键 词：摩擦配副 摩擦磨损 电传输 铜基复合材料 载流 

分 类 号：TG146.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]