生产分割视角下工业机器人应用与全球价值链嵌入  被引量:1

Application of Industrial Robot and the Embedding Positions in Global Value Chain Based on Production Segmentation

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作  者:高静[1] GAO Jing(Business School,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China)

机构地区:[1]湘潭大学商学院,湖南湘潭411105

出  处:《统计与信息论坛》2024年第11期34-50,共17页Journal of Statistics and Information

基  金:国家社会科学基金一般项目“贸易条件不确定条件下国内价值链促进全球价值链重构的机制、路径与政策研究”(20BJL052)。

摘  要:结合海关数据库、工业企业数据库和世界投入产出表,以生产分割为视角,基于2006—2013年微观数据对中国工业机器人应用与企业全球价值链嵌入位置进行研究。研究发现:工业机器人应用渗透度提高了企业全球价值链的嵌入高度,主要体现在高生产效率、技术禀赋型、外资企业和东部企业;专业化出口企业能够借助机器人应用提高其价值链的分工地位,而对多样化出口企业两者关系失灵。工业机器人应用渗透度延伸了国内生产分割、加快了中间品内向化进程,但降低了企业全球价值链嵌入深度,尤其是低生产效率的劳动禀赋型企业。就影响机制而言,工业机器人应用通过延伸企业国内生产分割提高中间品内向化、改善进出口贸易结构、提高企业的技术创新能力三种机制来获得价值链地位攀升。技术禀赋型和高生产效率企业能更好地吸收工业机器人的技术要素,在不降低全球价值链嵌入深度的同时加快国内价值链合作、同时提高全球价值链嵌入高度。鉴于此,中国出口企业应该积极培养高技术人才,利用工业机器人的技术辐射开展自主研发创新,延伸高端中间品的国内生产链条,在畅通国内大循环中主动吸收国际市场的有利生产要素,提升企业全球价值链的嵌入高度。Based on the Customs database,the Industrial Enterprise database and the World Input-Output Table,the application of industrial robots and the embedding positions of enterprises in Global Value Chains from the perspective of production segmentation using the micro-enterprise data from 2006 to 2014 in China.The results show that the application penetration of industrial robots increases the height of the GVC for enterprises.And it significantly improves the height GVC in the enterprise of high productivity,technology-endowed,foreign-funded and eastern located,while fails in the enterprise of low productivity,labor-endowed,state-run private-owned.Specialized export enterprises can improve the division of labor in the GVC with the external thrust of the robot technology endowment,while diversified export enterprises fail who rely more on internal active R&D and innovation to constantly update the product life cycle.The penetration of industrial robots improves domestic production segmentation of enterprises,but reduces the international production segmentation,i.e.the depth of GVC.The enterprises with technology endowment and high production efficiency can better digest and absorb the technical elements of robots,extend the domestic production segmentation without reducing the international productive segmentation so as to improve their embedding height of the GVC.The application of industrial robots will climb the higher status of the GVC through extending the domestic production segmentation to domestic intermediates goods,improving import and export trade structure,improving technological innovation ability of enterprises.In view of this,China’s export enterprises should actively cultivate high-tech talents,use the power of technical radiation of industrial robots to carry out independent R&D and self-innovation.Also they should extend domestic production chain to high-end of intermediate products,actively absorb the favorable production factors in international market and enhance the height of the GVC of enter

关 键 词:工业机器人应用渗透度 生产分割 全球价值链 自主技术创新 中间品内向化 

分 类 号:F74[经济管理—国际贸易] F064.1[经济管理—产业经济]

 

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