研读史学史的回顾  

The Study of History of Historiography in Retrospect

作　　者：汪荣祖 WONG Young-tsu

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2024年第5期3-14,178,共13页History Research And Teaching

摘　　要：史学史一词不见于中国经典,源自西洋,故而西洋人大都认为史学史唯西方有之,所写史学史不见东方史家与史学,而不必称西洋史学史,多少暴露泰西史家漠视吾华史家的傲慢。史学史之名,国人虽采自泰西,并非没有其实,早在5世纪的刘勰已有史传篇,篇幅虽短,史学史的内容有焉。唐代刘知幾于7世纪踵事增华写就《史通》,西方至18世纪始有类似之作。洎乎现代,西潮东来,舍旧取新,效西法撰写中国史学史。诸作之中,以金毓黻的《中国史学史》最受瞩目,版次既多,流行较广。金氏之后,书写中国史学史者,不乏其人。补金氏之不足,内容愈来愈丰富,分析愈来愈细致。然而如何突破既有的成规与体系?百尺竿头更上层楼,是有望于未来。This essay is written at the request of Professor Li Xiaoqian to report my interest in studying the history of historiography.This field of study originates in the West,so that the Western historians have written the subject often without referring to the historiography anywhere except for the West.In fact,they do not see any legitimate historiography other than the West.Historiography,though not in name,in effect existed in China no later than the fifth century when Liu Xie wrote the chapter on"history biography"(shizhuan)in his noted treaties entitled Wenxin diaolong(The Literary Mind and the Carving of the Dragons).This particular chapter,however brief in words,does summarize historical works with judicious comments up to his own time.Then the 7th century Tang dynasty historian Liu Zhiji followed up with greater achievement in his celebrated volume entitled Shitong(History Illuminated).No similar work appeared in the West until a thousand years later.Down to the modern time,under the overwhelming influence of the West,Chinese historians began writing history of Chinese historiography in Western fashion.Of the numerous works on the subject of Zhongguo shixueshi(The History of Chinese Historiograhy),Jin Yufu's ran many editions and earned a great popularity.The successive works,though having much enriched the Jin book in contents,have rarely surpassed the basic framework of reference he has established.A new paradigm is still looked for.

关 键 词：史学史 梁启超 金毓黻 后史辨 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]