生存普通话的应急语言属性  

The Emergency Language Attributes of Survival Mandarin

作　　者：司罗红[1] 郭睦羽 Si Luohong;Guo Muyu(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学文学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期117-123,144,共8页Journal of Zhengzhou University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于大型语料库的中原官话共时比较与历时探考研究”(项目编号:21&ZD286)子课题“中原官话生态与黄河流域经济社会发展”;国家社会科学基金一般项目“语用因素的句法实现对句子线性序列的影响研究”(项目编号:21BYY153);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新团队“汉语古方普比较研究”(项目编号:2025-CXTD-07)。

摘　　要：生存普通话作为一种典型应急语言,可在紧急状况下迅速跨越语言沟通障碍,具有交际作用。生存普通话仅包含紧急状况内容,语音上重视声韵组合,不强调音调;词汇上遵循“一音一义”避免多音字和多义词;句法上允许句法规则类推泛化。生存普通话是普通话精准推广的要求,可以解决推普中的“农牧民”难题。此外,推广生存普通话能快速提高我国的普通话普及率,加强语言沟通,因此,优先推进生存普通话的推广可对推普起积极作用。Survival Mandarin,as a typical emergency language,can rapidly overcome language communication barriers in urgent situations,serving a communicative purpose.It focuses solely on content relevant to emergencies.In terms of phonetics,it emphasizes the combinations of sound and rhyme while downplaying tone;in terms of vocabulary,it follows a"one sound,one meaning"principle to avoid polyphonic characters and polysemous words;and in terms of syntax,it allows for the generalization of syntactic rules.Survival Mandarin aligns with the requirements for the precise promotion of Standard Mandarin,which can address the"peasant-herder"challenge in popularizing the mandarin.Furthermore,promoting Survival Mandarin can quickly improve the nationwide adoption of Mandarin and enhance language communication.Therefore,prioritizing the promotion of Survival Mandarin can positively impact the dissemination of Standard Mandarin.

关 键 词：生存普通话 应急语言服务 跨越语言障碍 普通话推广 

分 类 号：H102[语言文字—汉语]