航天器OSR片真空碎裂问题研究与对策  

Research on Vacuum Fracture of Optical Solar Reflector in Spacecraft

作　　者：方耀鹏 魏强[1] 王凤春[1] 潘宇倩[1] 赵佩麟 金迪[2] 赵啟伟[2] FANG Yaopeng;WEI Qiang;WANG Fengchun;PAN Yuqian;ZHAO Peilin;JIN Di;ZHAO Qiwei(Institute of Telecommunication and Navigation Satellites,China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院通信与导航卫星总体部,北京100094 [2]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2024年第5期65-70,共6页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：太阳反射镜(Optical Solar Reflector,OSR)是应用较为广泛的航天器热控器件,通常粘贴在舱板外侧,若胶粘过程排气不畅,玻璃型OSR在热真空环境下可能发生碎裂。文章建立了胶层含气泡的OSR片分析模型并进行力学理论推导,揭示了温度、压强、结构尺寸及材料强度等因素对OSR片碎裂现象的耦合作用机理。基于OSR片的弯曲强度试验,绘制了适用于工程应用的OSR片碎裂相图,对不同OSR片厚度对碎裂现象的影响进行比较。基于OSR片真空碎裂试验,提出了OSR碎片脱离速度的理论上限。根据航天器全寿命期任务剖面,定量分析了OSR片的环境适应性。研究表明,胶层厚度减薄有利于降低碎片率,OSR片厚度减薄提升了其对气泡缺陷的敏感性,经历地面热试验筛选的OSR片在后续任务环境不会发生新的碎裂。本研究工作有望为航天器胶粘薄膜脆性器件的真空碎裂问题提供解决思路。Optical Solar Reflector(OSR)is a widely used thermal control device for spacecraft,usually attached to the outside of panels.If the adhesive process does not exhaust smoothly,the fracture of silvered glass OSR may occur in the hot and vacuum environment.In this paper,we derive a theoretical solution of stress distribution of OSR under the bubble pressure,and for the first time reveal the coupling mechanism of temperature,pressure,structural size and material strength on OSR fracture.Based on bending strength tests of OSR sheets,a fracture phase diagrams of OSRs suitable for engineering applications is drawn,and the influence of different OSR sheet thicknesses on fracture phenomena is compared.Base on thermal vacuum fracture tests of OSR,we propose a theoretical upper limit of the OSR fracture velocity.According to the spacecraft mission profile,the mechanical safety margin of OSR at each life stage is analyzed.The research results show that the thickness reduction of adhesive layer helps to lower the OSR fracture rate,the thickness reduction of OSR improves its sensitivity to bubble defects,and the OSR that have undergone the ground thermal vacuum tests will not undergo new fracture in the subsequent mission environment.This paper is expected to provide a solution to the vacuum fracture problem of brittle film device in spacecraft.

关 键 词：太阳反射镜 气泡 真空 

分 类 号：V41[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]