星敏感器时间同步设计与测试验证  

Design and Testing of Time Synchronization in Star Sensors

作　　者：王燕清 刘登岭 毛晓楠 温兆伦 钟金凤 曲耀斌[3] 吴泽鹏[3] WANG Yanqing;LIU Dengling;MAO Xiaonan;WEN Zhaolun;ZHONG Jinfeng;QU Yaobin;WU Zepeng(Shanghai Institute of Spaceflight Control Technology,Shanghai 201109,China;Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology,Shanghai 201109,China;Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]上海航天控制技术研究所,上海201109 [2]上海航天技术研究院,上海201109 [3]上海卫星工程研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《航天器工程》2024年第5期82-88,共7页Spacecraft Engineering

基　　金：科工局民用航天技术预先研究项目(D010105)。

摘　　要：高分辨率卫星和载荷标校对姿态具有极高的实时性要求,星敏感器测量的是曝光中点时刻的姿态数据,时间同步可以使姿态数据和时间更加精准匹配。首先提出了硬件脉冲信号时间同步设计方法,梳理出硬件脉冲时间同步流程,根据脉冲信号控制星敏感器曝光,对脉冲信号、曝光起始和结束时刻等信号的时序关系进行了详细描述,并给出了基于硬件脉冲信号的曝光中点时刻的计算方法,时间同步延时100ns,时间同步精度达到20ns。随后提出了软件指令时间同步设计方法,梳理出软件指令时间同步流程,并给出了基于软件指令时间基准的曝光中点时刻的计算方法和溢出保护措施,时间同步延时440μs,时间同步精度达到20ns。通过对硬件脉冲信号和软件指令两种时间同步设计进行测试,验证了硬件脉冲信号时间同步计数、曝光时刻、软件指令时间同步、守时计数器等功能。High-resolution satellites and payload calibration demand stringent real-time requirements for attitude calibration.Star sensors,which capture attitude data at the exposure midpoint,benefit significantly from time synchronization to enhance the accuracy of attitude data alignment with time stamps.This study introduces a hardware pulse signal method for time synchronization,detailing the process and its impact on controlling the star sensor's exposure.It elaborates on the temporal relationship among the pulse signal,the initiation and termination of exposure,and additional signals.Furthermore,the paper describes a method to compute the midpoint of exposure time using the hardware pulse signal,achieving a time synchronization delay of 100ns and an accuracy of 20ns.Additionally,a software instruction-based time synchronization method is presented,organizing the process and providing a computational approach and overflow protection for determining the midpoint of exposure based on software time benchmarks.This method achieved a synchronization delay of 440μs with an accuracy of 20ns.Through empir-ical testing of both hardware pulse signals and software instructions,the functionality of hard-ware pulse signal time synchronization counting,exposure duration,software time synchroniza-tion instructions,and timing counters was confirmed.

关 键 词：时间同步 硬件脉冲信号 软件指令 曝光中点时刻 测试验证 

分 类 号：V445.8[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]