阮元“文”论在晚清民国的回响——兼论近代文学观念的建立  

The Echo of RUAN Yuan's Theory of“Wen”in the Late Qing and Republic of China——On the Establishment of Modern Literary Concepts

作　　者：普慧[1,2] 周洁 PU Hui;ZHOU Jie

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国俗文化研究所,成都610065 [2]浙江师范大学人文学院,金华321004

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期158-170,208,共14页Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关招标课题“中国佛教文学通史”(12JZD008);浙江师范大学“杰出教授”计划。

摘　　要：清代中期阮元及其门人对“文”观念进行了“辨章学术、考镜源流”的分梳,反省古文及唐宋八大家的作品,以使文学摆脱“文以载道”的束缚,这促使了文学独立,并出现了文学史观的雏形。阮元及其门人关于“文笔”的考辨不仅在当时引发了对“文”观念的论争,而且影响了清末民初章太炎、刘师培等人的文学观。他们对阮元及其后学的观点进行选择性吸收和转化,甚至有批评阮元之处。同时,关于“文”的论争也引起其他近代学者对文学观念的关注和探析,为民国学者进行文学史撰写提供了材料资源和观点支撑,促成了清末民初“纯文学”观念的萌发,进而影响了中国文学批评史的写作和中国文学批评史学科的建立。During the mid-Qing Dynasty,RUAN Yuan and his followers conducted a detailed analysis of“Wen”(literature),examining its academic significance and tracing its origins.They critically reflected on ancient literature as well as the works of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties in order to free literature from the constraints of being a mere tool for conveying moral teachings,thus promoting its independence and laying the foundation for the concept of literary history.RUAN Yuan and his followers'examination of“Wen”not only sparked debates on the concept of“wen”at that time but also influenced the literary views of scholars in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China era,such as ZHANG Taiyan and LIU Shipei.These scholars selectively absorbed and transformed the viewpoints of RUAN Yuan and his followers,and even criticized their ideas.The debates surrounding“Wen”also drew the attention of other modern scholars to the concept of literature,providing them with materials,resources,and theoretical support for writing literary histories during the Republican era.And this fostered the emergence of the notion of“pure literature”in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,ultimately influencing the writing of Chinese literary criticism history and the establishment of the discipline of Chinese literary criticism.

关 键 词：“文”论 阮元 纯文学 章太炎 刘师培 

分 类 号：I206.5[文学—中国文学]