中美制造业结构性权力时空格局演化——增加值贸易网络中的权力转移及驱动因素  

The spatiotemporal evolution of structural power in the manufacturing industry between China and the United States:Power shifts and driving factors within global value-added trade networks

作　　者：易先忠 高四喜 张亚斌[2] YI Xianzhong;GAO Sixi;ZHANG Yabin(School of Economics,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China;School of Economics and Trade,Hunan University,Changsha 410079,China)

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学经济学院,南京211815 [2]湖南大学经济与贸易学院,长沙410079

出　　处：《地理研究》2024年第11期2803-2826,共24页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA068);国家社会科学基金项目(19BJY095);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(23JZD007);江苏省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心项目(23ZXZB035)。

摘　　要：中美制造业权力演化对世界经济地理重塑和地缘经济秩序具有至关重要的影响。既有运用出口增加值溯源测度结构性权力的研究,忽视了权力如何发挥作用的重要维度,也无法从相对权力视角剖析权力转移。本文基于权力来源和发挥作用方式的双重视角,在全球增加值贸易网络中识别两种度量结构性权力的基本方法,运用最新国家间投入产出(ICIO)表刻画了2000—2020年中美制造业结构性权力的时空格局演化及驱动因素。分析表明:①全球制造业增加值贸易网络中“中升美降”的权力转移主要体现在输入地位而非输出地位,中国供给地位的提升并未显著影响美国的输出大国地位,而输入地位上的“中升美降”实际体现了中美国内市场相对地位的变化。②中美制造业权力空间布局具有显著差异,中国权力空间向“均衡化”和“多元化”发展,而美国权力空间呈现“网络沉淀性”和“客户黏性”的显著特征,中美权力转移难度加大。③中美权力重点博弈区的空间分布由“全球点状散布”转变为“欧洲集聚分布”,中美制造业权力关系由中升美降的“动态重组”转向均衡竞争的“焦点博弈”,欧洲是中美权力博弈的关键区域。④中美制造业权力转移的关键驱动因素,从地理、文化等多因素驱动向以市场需求为主导转变,凸显了进一步扩大和开放国内市场在全球经济权力重组中的重要性。本文研究不仅为拓展结构性权力理论进行了新的测量尝试,也为理解权力转移和世界经济地理重塑提供新视角。The evolution of manufacturing power between China and the United States is crucial in transforming the world's economic geography and geo-economic order.Existing research that uses the value-added in exports to assess structural power ignores important dimensions of how power operates,and fails to analyze shifts in power from a relative power perspective.This paper,from a dual perspective of where power originates and how it operates,identifies two fundamental approaches to measuring structural power in the global manufacturing value-added trade networks.The latest Inter-country Input-Ouput(ICIO)tables are used to depict the spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of manufacturing structural power in China and the United States from 2000 to 2020.The findings reveal that:(1)The power shift,characterized by'China rising and the US declining',mainly manifests in China's import rather than export status in the global manufacturing value-added trade networks.The improved state of China's supply position has not significantly impacted the United States'role as a major exporter.Rather,the change in import status mirrors the comparative shift in domestic market standings between China and the US.(2)Significant disparities exist in the geographical distribution of manufacturing power between China and the United States.China's power landscape is gradually moving towards a state of'equilibrium'and'diversification'.In contrast,the US landscape presents the distinctive features of'network sedimentation'and'customer stickiness',making power transfer more difficult.(3)The spatial distribution of the key areas of power competition between China and the United States has shifted from a'global dot dispersion'to a'European agglomeration distribution'.The dynamics of their manufacturing power have evolved from a fluid restructure to a harmonized rivalry,positioning Europe as a central battleground.(4)The driving factors behind the transfer of manufacturing power have shifted from multiple factors,including geography and cultu

关 键 词：结构性权力 增加值贸易网络 权力转移 权力空间格局 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济] F471.2