厦门市老年人高血压防治行为与健康素养的相关性研究  

Correlation Study Between Hypertension Prevention Behavior and Health Literacy of the Elderly in Xiamen

作　　者：刘晓婷[1] 谭东[1] 马姗姗[1] 胡国彬 莫雯茜 Liu Xiaoting;Tan Dong;Ma Shanshan;Hu Guobin;Mo Wenqian(Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xiamen 361021,China;Kaiyuan Community Health Care Center,Xiamen 361001,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门市疾病预防控制中心,厦门361021 [2]厦门市思明区开元街道社区卫生服务中心,厦门361001

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2024年第5期471-473,518,共4页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：厦门市医疗卫生科技计划项目(3502Z20194097)。

摘　　要：目的 了解厦门市老年人高血压防治相关行为与健康素养现况及两者的相关性。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取厦门市60岁以上老年人913名开展入户问卷调查。结果 2020年厦门市老年人的健康素养水平为9.63%,规律服药行为形成率为86.83%;“高血压会引起脑卒中或冠心病”的知晓率最高(88.07%),“吸烟的危害”的知晓率最低(43.50%)。不同性别、文化程度、家庭年收入的老年人健康素养水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,文化程度和家庭总收入是老年人健康素养的影响因素;防治高血压行为中,摄盐口味与规律运动与老年人的健康素养水平相关。结论 厦门市老年人的健康素养水平有待提高;防治高血压与自我管理行为现况不容乐观,应加强科学摄盐及规律运动等健康素养知识的教育。Objective To understand the current situation and correlation between hypertension-related behaviors and health literacy of the elderly in Xiamen.Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 913 elderly people over 60 years old in Xiamen to conduct a household questionnaire survey.Results In 2020,the health literacy level of the elderly in Xiamen was 9.63%,and the formation rate of regular drug taking behavior was 86.83%.The awareness rate of“hypertension can cause stroke or coronary heart disease”was the highest(88.07%),and the awareness rate of“the harm of smoking”was the lowest(43.50%).The health literacy level of the elderly with different gender,education level and family annual income was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis should that education level and total family income were the influencing factors of health literacy of the elderly;in the prevention and treatment of hypertension,the taste of salt intake and regular exercise were related to the health literacy level of the elderly.Conclusion The health literacy level of the elderly in Xiamen needs to be improved,and the current situation of prevention and treatment of hypertension and self-management behavior is not optimistic.The education of knowledge of health literacy such as scientific salt intake and regular exercise should be strengthened.

关 键 词：老年人 高血压防治 健康素养 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R544.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]