汉代男子的“状貌”书写与官吏仕进  

On the Representation of Men’s Physical Appearance and Their Official Advancement in the Han Dynasty

作　　者：蒋波[1] JIANG Bo(School of Philosophy,History and Culture,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan Hunan 411105,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学哲学与历史文化学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《南都学坛（南阳师范学院人文社会科学学报）》2024年第6期1-6,共6页Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“汉代官吏管理制度新探”(项目编号:22FZSB019)。

摘　　要：“状貌”指某人的面容面貌及身体外形特征,它是汉代传世和出土文献关于男性描述的常见信息,也是政府档案记载官吏身份的基本信息。汉代某些特殊职官对状貌有一定要求,绝大多数情况下状貌并非官吏选任、迁转的影响因素,更非决定因素。但在非常态下,状貌可以左右个别官吏的仕进。强调功劳的仕进制度、谏议制度、重德轻貌的儒家思想等是汉代防范状貌因素干扰、破坏官吏仕进的重要保障。“Physical appearance”refers to an individual’s facial features and physical characteristics.It constitutes a common aspect of male descriptions found in both transmitted and excavated texts from the Han Dynasty,and it serves as essential information for government records pertaining to the identities of officials.While certain specialized official positions in the Han Dynasty imposed specific appearance requirements,physical appearance generally did not influence the selection or transfer of officials,nor was it a decisive factor.However,under exceptional circumstances,imperial authority could allow physical appearance to impact the advancement of certain officials.The promotion system emphasizing merit,the remonstrance-advice system,and the Confucian principle prioritizing morality over appearance functioned as crucial safeguards against the potential interference of physical appearance in the official promotion process of the Han Dynasty.

关 键 词：“状貌” 官吏 仕进 防范 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学] C91[历史地理—中国史]