西藏半野生小麦光合特征及农艺性状研究  

Study and Analysis on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Agronomic Characters of Semi wild Wheat in Tibet

作　　者：林之嵚 曲吉[2] LIN Zhiqin;Quji(College of Plant Sciences,Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University,Tibet Linzhi 860000,China;Institute of Agriculture,College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Xizang Autonomous Region,Tibet Lhasa 850032,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院植物科学学院,西藏林芝8600000 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所,西藏拉萨850032

出　　处：《西藏农业科技》2024年第4期30-33,共4页Tibet Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2022年西藏自治区重点研发计划项目:《西藏半野生小麦资源鉴定评价与遗传利用研究》(XZ202201ZY0004G)。

摘　　要：选取50份西藏半野生小麦和2份本地育成小麦对照品种,通过光合测定仪测定西藏半野生小麦花后0~28 d旗叶的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)及蒸腾速率(Tr)等光合参数,并对这个时期的叶绿素,株高,叶面积,地上干物质量等农艺性状进行了测定和对比分析。实验结果表明,西藏半野生小麦的净光合速率在灌浆期内先上升后下降,在花后14 d达到最大值。相比之下,本地育成小麦的净光合速率变化幅度较小,但整体保持较高水平。在气孔导度方面,西藏半野生小麦的变化较为平稳,而本地育成小麦在灌浆期前14天内气孔导度迅速增大,随后略有下降。胞间二氧化碳浓度的变化趋势在两类小麦中相似,均表现为先升后降,但本地育成小麦的整体数值略高于西藏半野生小麦。蒸腾速率的测定结果显示,本地育成小麦在灌浆期内的水分利用效率较高,有利于维持较高的光合作用速率。此外,还发现西藏半野生小麦的叶面积明显大于本地育成小麦,较大的叶面积有助于更高效地进行光合作用,从而积累更多的有机物质,说明西藏半野生小麦在光合作用能力和营养物质积累方面具有优势。通过对西藏半野生小麦和本地育成小麦在灌浆期内光合速率及相关生理参数的系统比较,为小麦高产育种提供重要的参考依据。研究结果也为进一步探索小麦光合效率调控机制,提高小麦产量奠定了科学基础。In this study,50 Xizang semi wild wheat and 3 local bred wheat control varieties were selected.Photosynthetic parameters such as net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci)and transpiration rate(Tr)of flag leaves of Xizang semi wild wheat were measured from 0 to 28 days after anthesis by photosynthetic meter,and the agronomic traits such as chlorophyll,plant height,leaf area and dry matter weight on the ground were determined and compared.The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of Xizang semi wild wheat first increased and then decreased during the filling period,and reached the maximum value 14 days after flowering.In contrast,the net photosynthetic rate of local bred wheat showed a smaller variation,but remained at a relatively high level overall.In terms of stomatal conductance,the changes of Xizang semi wild wheat were relatively stable,while the stomatal conductance of local bred wheat increased rapidly in the first 14 days of the filling period,and then decreased slightly.The change trend of intercellular carbon dioxide concentration is similar in the two types of wheat,both showing a rise first and then a decline,but the overall value of local bred wheat is slightly higher than that of semi wild wheat in Xizang.The measurement results of transpiration rate show that local bred wheat has a higher water use efficiency during the grain filling period,which is conducive to maintaining a higher photosynthesis rate.In addition,the study also found that the leaf area of Xizang semi wild wheat is significantly larger than that of local bred wheat.A larger leaf area is conducive to more efficient photosynthesis,thus accumulating more organic matter,indicating that Xizang semi wild wheat has advantages in photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation.In this study,the photosynthetic rate and related physiological parameters of Xizang semi wild wheat and local bred wheat during the filling period were systematically compared,which provided an important re

关 键 词：西藏半野生小麦 农艺性状 灌浆期 光合性能 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]