私法视域下比例原则的有限适用  

The Limited Application of Proportional Principle in the Perspective of Private Law

作　　者：张晓萍[1] 刘昶君 Zhang Xiaoping;Liu Changjun(College of Humanity and Law,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学文法学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《黑龙江工业学院学报（综合版）》2024年第8期58-62,共5页Journal of Heilongjiang University of Technology(Comprehensive Edition)

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学规划项目“中国式乡村社会的软法治理”(项目编号:23FXA005)。

摘　　要：比例原则诞生于公法语境内,作为一种工具性原则,其本质在于对弱势主体的倾斜性保护。私法与比例原则本质的契合、宪法的私法效力以及比例原则可以作为民法基本原则的现实手段等证明了将比例原则引入私法领域具有可行性。正因为比例原则之本质,使得比例原则在私法的适用领域仅能存在于实力差距悬殊主体间,即强势主体与弱势主体关系之间,因此比例原则在私法领域的适用具有有限性。可将比例原则在私法领域的适用场域概括为公私法交叉领域的私主体与国家公权力之间以及有社会公权力参与的私主体与私主体之间两种类型。The principle of proportionality was born in the context of public law,and as an instrumental principle,its essence lies in the biased protection of vulnerable subjects.The essential compatibility between private law and the principle of proportionality,the effectiveness of the Constitution in private law,and the fact that the principle of proportionality can serve as a practical means of basic principles in civil law demonstrating the feasibility of introducing the principle of proportionality into the field of private law.Due to the essence of the principle of proportionality,it can only exist in the field of private law among subjects with significant differences in strength,that is,between strong and weak subjects.Therefore,the application of the principle of proportionality in the field of private law is limited.The application scope of the principle of proportionality in the field of private law can be summarized as two types:between private subjects and state public power in the intersection of public and private law,and between private subjects and private subjects with social public power participation.

关 键 词：比例原则 私法领域 强势主体 弱势主体 倾斜性保护 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D923[政治法律—法学]