保存温度对生物絮团硝化性能和形态结构的影响  

Effect of preservation temperature on the nitrification performance and morphological structure of bioflocs

作　　者：姜泽建 刘文畅[1,2] 谭洪新[1,2,3] 罗国芝[1,2,3] 孙大川[1,2] JIANG Zejian;LIU Wenchang;TAN Hongxin;LUO Guozhi;SUN Dachuan(Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-culture of Aquaculture Animals,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Centre for Aquatic Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,上海市水产动物良种创制与绿色养殖协同创新中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2024年第11期129-139,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会扬帆人才计划(22YF1416400);上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心能力提升项目(19DZ2284300)。

摘　　要：为探究生物絮团适宜的保存温度,通过单因素实验设计,将絮团在常温(25°C)、冷藏(4°C)和冷冻(–20°C)条件下分别密封保存了7、14、21和28 d。结果显示,随着保存时间的延长,絮团的硝化性能在3种温度保存条件下较初始硝化性能均有不同程度的下降。在4°C保存28天的絮团中,氨氧化速率为(0.16±0.10) mg/(L·h),显著高于25°C条件下的(0.08±0.09) mg/(L·h)和-20°C条件下的(0.01±0.09) mg/(L·h),其中,-20°C保存条件下的絮团在第7天几乎丧失氨氧化活性,较初始氨氧化速率下降了99.52%。在第28天,4°C下保存的絮团亚硝态氮氧化速率为(0.19±0.03) mg/(L·h),显著高于25°C保存条件下的(0.10±0.05) mg/(L·h)和-20°C保存条件下的(0.14±0.02) mg/(L·h)。显微观察的结果显示,25°C保存条件下絮团结构松散,絮团的体积平均粒径由初始的(245.92±21.51)μm减小到第28天的(148.50±9.90)μm;在-20°C保存条件下,絮团的体积平均粒径由(245.92±21.51)μm增大到(310.82±29.67)μm;4°C保存条件下,絮团的形态结构和粒径均未受到显著变化。研究表明,4°C的保存条件可作为生物絮团的保存温度。本研究为生物絮团适宜的保存温度和保存时间提供了参考依据,有利于生物絮团在实际生产中的保存和再使用。This study aimed to determine the optimal storage temperature for bioflocs.A One-Way experimental design was employed,where bioflocs were stored at room temperature(25°C),refrigerated(4°C)and frozen(−20°C)for periods of 7,14,21 and 28 d.The nitrification performance of bioflocs declined under all three conditions as storage time increased.After 28 d,the ammonia oxidation rate at 4°C was(0.16±0.10)mg/(L·h),significantly higher than the rates at 25°C(0.08±0.09)mg/(L·h)and−20°C(0.01±0.09)mg/(L·h).Bioflocs stored at−20°C had almost no ammonia oxidation activity by day 7,with a 99.52%reduction from the initial rate.The nitrite oxidation rate at 4°C after 28 d was(0.19±0.03)mg/(L·h),which was significantly higher than that of bioflocs stored at 25°C(0.10±0.05)mg/(L·h)and−20°C(0.14±0.02)mg/(L·h).Microscopic observation revealed that of bioflocs stored at 25°C became looser,with a decrease in volume average size from(245.92±21.51)μm to(148.50±9.90)μm by day 28.Conversely,bioflocs stored at−20°C increased in size from(245.92±21.51)μm to(310.82±29.67)μm.No significant changes in structure or particle size were observed for bioflocs stored at 4°C.In conclusion,a storage temperature of 4°C is recommended for bioflocs.This study provides insights into appropriate storage conditions and duration,which can inform the storage and reuse of bioflocs in practical applications.

关 键 词：生物絮团 硝化性能 保存 温度 

分 类 号：S959[农业科学—水产养殖]