采用线性摩擦焊制备SUS304/Q235不锈钢复合板研究  

Research on preparation of SUS304/Q235 clad plate by linear friction welding method

作　　者：李宇航 井玉安[1] 马旭 余浩然 陈璐 王自豪 LI Yuhang;JING Yu′an;MA Xu;YU Haoran;CHEN Lu;WANG Zihao(School of Materials and Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《轧钢》2024年第5期174-179,187,共7页Steel Rolling

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51974156)。

摘　　要：作为纯不锈钢的替代品,不锈钢复合板具有较高性价比,广泛应用于石油化工、海洋工程和冶金等领域。利用线性摩擦焊接制备了不锈钢/碳钢复合板坯,并对板坯进行热轧,得到SUS304/Q235复合板材,对其界面结合情况进行了研究分析。结果表明:线性摩擦焊接方法可以快速制备不锈钢/碳钢复合板坯,可在约18 s之内将两块坯料粘结在一起;焊接区组织从不锈钢侧至碳钢侧依次分为混熔区、摩擦剪切细晶区、热影响区及剪切变形影响区,各区在微观组织上表现出明显差异;在线性摩擦焊过程中,两种金属界面之间产生强烈的剪切变形,界面金属发生混熔以及动态再结晶,界面区晶粒显著细化,合金元素通过界面发生了扩散。轧制过程中未出现复合板坯开裂现象,随着轧制道次的增加,界面结合强度进一步提高,经过4道次轧制后焊接区的剪切强度为392 MPa,而非焊接区界面剪切强度为380 MPa,表明采用线性摩擦焊+轧制工艺可以制备不锈钢复合板材,复合界面呈现完整的冶金结合。As a substitute for pure stainless steel,stainless steel clad plate has a good price-performance ratio and a wide services in fields such as petrochemical,marine engineering and metallurgy.Linear friction welding is characterized by high efficiency and interfacial bonding strength.Linear friction welding was used to prepare the stainless steel/carbon steel clad slab.Subsequently it is hot rolled into clad plate.The interface bonding was analyzed.The results indicate that linear friction welding method can quickly prepare stainless steel/carbon steel clad slab and bond the two billets together within about 18 s.The microstructure of the welding area is divided into three zones from the stainless steel side to the carbon steel side:the mixed melting zone,the friction shear fine grain zone and the zone affected by thermal and shear deformation.Each zone shows significant differences in microstructure.A strong shear deformation occurs between the two metals during the linear friction process.It leads to a mixed melting and dynamic recrystallization of the two metals at the interface.The grains are significantly refined and alloy elements diffuse through the interface.The interface did not crack during hot rolling.The interface bonding strength further improved with increase of rolling pass.The shear strength reaches 392 MPa at friction welding zone and 380 MPa at non-friction welding zone after four rolling passes.It indicates that the stainless steel clad plate can be prepared by linear friction welding and hot rolling,and the interface presents complete metallurgical bonding.

关 键 词：不锈钢复合板 线性摩擦焊接 界面剪切 轧制复合 合金元素 减量化 低成本 

分 类 号：TG453.9[金属学及工艺—焊接] TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]