变压器绝缘缺陷放电发展特性及检测方法研究现状及展望  

Research Status and Prospects of Development Characteristics and Detection Methods of Transformer Insulation Defect Discharge

作　　者：汲胜昌[1] 赵德华 贾云飞 丘子诚 罗迅 李斯盟 JI Shengchang;ZHAO Dehua;JIA Yunfei;QIU Zicheng;LUO Xun;LI Simeng(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第10期4297-4314,共18页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFB2407001);国家自然科学基金(52007148)。

摘　　要：变压器爆燃事故的发生大多源于其内部绝缘缺陷的局部放电,并逐渐发展至火花放电和电弧放电,造成巨大的经济损失。研究内部放电信号特征及其快速检测方法对保障电力变压器安全可靠运行具有重要意义。国内外学者围绕变压器内部绝缘缺陷放电特性及检测方法开展了大量研究工作。为此从局部放电、火花放电和电弧放电3个阶段综述了相关研究成果,对不同放电发展阶段的脉冲电流、电磁波、声、光以及化学产物等理化特性进行了总结分析,同时概述了基于不同信号的检测方法和对检测设备的要求,并对比了不同检测方法的优缺点,最后提出了对于变压器绝缘缺陷放电发展检测的研究展望。该文对进一步深入研究油中放电信号特征提取、快速检测以及变压器主动保护技术具有指导意义。The occurrence of transformer deflagration accidents mostly originates from its internal insulation defects of partial discharge,and gradually develops to spark discharge and arc discharge,causing huge economic losses.The study of internal discharge signal characteristics and its rapid detection methods to ensure the safe and reliable operation of power transformers is of great significance.Scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research work around the internal insulation defects of transformer discharge characteristics and detection methods.This paper summarizes the research results from aspects of partial discharge,spark discharge,and arc discharge three stages,and summarizes and analyzes the physical and chemical characteristics of different discharge development stages such as pulse current,electromagnetic wave,sound,light and chemical products,etc.At the same time,this paper outlines the detection methods based on different signals and the requirements for detection equipment,compares the advantages and disadvantages of different detection methods,and finally puts forward research prospects for the development and detection of insulation defects in transformer discharges.Finally,the research outlook for the development of transformer insulation defect discharge detection is put forward.This paper has guiding significance for further in-depth research on the feature extraction of discharge signal in oil,rapid detection and active protection technology of transformers.

关 键 词：变压器 放电阶段 信号特性 检测方法 快速检测 

分 类 号：TM855[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]