纳米晶高频变压器优化设计与实验验证  

Optimization Design and Experimental Verification of Nanocrystalline High-frequency Transformer

作　　者：张鹏宁 李伟[1] 李朋阳 杨亚晋 李博凡 张荐 ZHANG Pengning;LI Wei;LI Pengyang;YANG Yajin;LI Bofan;ZHANG Jian(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)机械与电气工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第10期4475-4486,共12页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52007192);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2023ZKPYJD09)。

摘　　要：在实际工程中,电力电子变压器已经逐渐成为新能源电网等诸多领域不可或缺的重要组成部分,而作为其中关键设备的高频变压器,其优化设计也变得愈加重要。首先,利用改进的Steinmetz经验公式(improved generalized steinmetz empirical formula,IGSE)计算高频变压器铁芯损耗,并采用Dowell方法计算铜箔片在高频下的交流绕组系数。其次,分析了绕组交叉换位对铁芯窗口内漏磁场和导体内电流密度的影响,推导出基于能量法的漏电感公式,综合考虑散热器尺寸大小对温升的影响,并建立了6节点的热网络模型。最后,提出基于自由参数扫描法的高频变压器优化设计方法,得到优化设计方案的Pareto前沿,为验证设计流程的合理性,设计并制作了1台15 kW/5 kHz,效率为99%,功率密度为16.79 kW/L的高功率密度纳米晶高频变压器样机,并搭建了实验平台测试了样机的漏感、铁芯损耗、绕组损耗,与设计值的偏差分别为8.76%、4.02%、2.76%,验证了优化设计方法的正确性,为高效率、高功率密度、大容量高频变压器的研究提供理论和实验基础。In practical engineering,power electronic transformers have gradually become an indispensable and important part of many fields such as new energy grids.The optimization design of high-frequency transformer,as a key device,has become increasingly important.Firstly,the improved Steinmetz empirical formula(IGSE)was used to calculate the core loss of a high-frequency transformer,and the Dowell method was used to calculate the AC winding coefficient of copper foil at high frequency.Secondly,the influences of winding cross transposition on the leakage magnetic field and the conductor current density inside the iron core window were analyzed,the leakage inductance formula based on the energy method was derived,and the six-node thermal network model was established by comprehensively considering the influence of the size of the radiator on the temperature rise.Finally,a high-frequency transformer optimization design method based on free parameter scanning method was proposed,and the Pareto front of the optimization design scheme was obtained.In order to verify the rationality of the design process,a prototype of a 15 kW/5 kHz,efficiency of 99%and power density of 16.79 kW/L,high-power density nanocrystalline high-frequency transformer was designed and manufactured,an experimental platform was built to test the leakage inductance,core loss,and winding loss of the prototype,and it was found that the deviations from the design values were 8.76%,4.02%,and 2.76%,respectively.The correctness of the optimization design method was verified,which provided a theoretical and experimental bases for the research of high-efficiency,high-power density and large-capacity high-frequency transformers.

关 键 词：高频变压器 优化设计 漏电感 铁芯损耗 绕组损耗 磁化特性 

分 类 号：TM433[电气工程—电器]