乡土中国的城市化——宗族文化如何影响农村流动人口居留意愿  

The Urbanization of Rural China-How the Clan Culture Affects the Settlement Intentions of Rural Migrants

作　　者：刘愿[1] 吴亚婷 魏东霞 LIU Yuan;WU Yating;WEI Dongxia

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学华南市场经济研究中心,广东广州510006 [2]华南师范大学教育科学学院,广东广州510631 [3]广东金融学院国际教育学院,广东广州510521

出　　处：《学术月刊》2024年第10期64-76,共13页Academic Monthly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“户籍分割视角下中国流动人口就业稳定性研究”(20BJY050)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：费孝通笔下的中国传统社会的乡土性在工业化和城市化进程中并没有消失,以血缘地缘为纽带的乡土文化依然深刻地影响着农村流动人口的迁移决策。匹配各县区宗祠密度与2017年流动人口动态监测数据的实证分析发现,户籍地宗族文化显著降低了农村流动人口的城市居留意愿,其影响在各出生年代和受教育水平群体均显著,并随着流动范围扩大而增强,表现为农村流动人口更倾向于返乡,其在城市长期居留意愿下降。宗族文化增强农村流动人口与家乡的联系,降低其城市融入意愿,进而抑制其城市居留意愿,这种影响随着首次进城年龄降低而减弱。因此,宗族文化妨碍农村流动人口稳定迁移,但鼓励农民尽早进城可以有效化解乡土中国城市化的文化障碍。The rural feature in traditional China,defined by Fei Xiaotong,does not vanish with industrialization and urbanization,and it profoundly influences the migration of the rural population.By matching the density of ancestral temples in counties obtained from GaodeMap with the China Migrants Dynamic Survey of 2017,we examine how clan culture hinders urbanization in China.We find that the rural migrants from places with a higher density of ancestral temples report a lower willingness to stay in the cities.The effect is quite robust in different cohorts and schooling year groups,and it is more significant among the rural migrants going beyond broader boundaries.The clan culture will drive the rural migrants to return to their hometowns and connect with villagers more frequently;it meanwhile deters the rural migrants from integrating into the city.However,the effect will be attenuated as the rural migrants leave their hometowns and enter the cities at a younger age.Accordingly,the clan culture impedes the stable migration of the rural population,but allowing the rural migrants to enter the cities as young as possible can remove the cultural barrier of the urbanization in China.

关 键 词：乡土中国 宗族文化 城市化 早进城 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]