公有资本何以可能:从资本的经典释义到当代中国实践  

How is Publicly-owned Capital Possible:From Classical Interpretation of Capital To Contemporary Chinese Practice

作　　者：元晋秋 姚文琴 YUAN Jinqiu;YAO Wenqin

机构地区：[1]广西大学马克思主义学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2024年第11期96-106,共11页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“《资本论》第四卷中的政治经济学批判思想研究”(21BKS156),项目负责人:元晋秋。

摘　　要：马克思笔下所讨论的资本,其造成剥削、导致社会两极分化并最终使资本主义制度无以为继的主要原因在于,它建立在生产资料资本主义私人占有的基础上。生成于中国特色社会主义经济建设实践中的公有资本则不同——从理论逻辑看,社会主义制度的建立并不意味着资本历史使命的完成,要让资本在社会主义制度下继续其历史使命、发挥其文明作用,其所采取的主要形式必然是公有资本;从我国社会主义建设实践进程看,以市场为导向的经济体制改革使得生产资料公有制基础上的雇佣与被雇佣关系在实践中生成,为资本在社会主义制度下继续其历史使命创造了条件。实际上,市场配置资源本质上是资本通过市场来配置资源,因此,公有资本不仅是社会主义与市场经济的有机结合点,公有资本的提出,还生动地体现了中国共产党人在新的社会历史条件下对马克思资本理论的守正创新。Capital in Marx's theory is a relationship between hiring and firing based on private ownership of the means of production in essence.And because of that,it makes exploitation,polarization of the society,breaking down the capitalist system ultimately.By contrast,publicly-owned capital is totally different from that,forming from the practice of the socialist economic construction with Chinese characteristics,whether on theory logic or practical aspect.From the theory logic,capital has not finished its historical mission even though the socialist system has built up.What's more,capital needs continue playing an active role under the socialist system.In this case,it must take publicly-owned capital as the main form.From the practical process of socialist construction,the economic institutions reformation guided by the market creates conditions for capital continuing its historical mission,forming the hiring and firing relationship based on the public ownership of the means of production.Actually,resources allocated by market essentially means that capital uses the market as an intermediary to allocates resources.Therefore,publicly-owned capital not only combines the socialism and market economy harmoniously,its proposed,also embodies the inheritance and development of Marx's capital theory from the Communist Party under the new era.

关 键 词：资本 公有资本 市场经济 社会主义市场经济 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学] F014.39