数字服务贸易壁垒与服务业就业——基于全球83个经济体的实证检验  

Digital Service Trade Barriers and the Employment of Service Industry:Empirical Testing Based on 83 Economies Worldwide

作　　者：刘海燕 杨艳琳[2,3] LIU Haiyan;YANG Yanlin

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济与管理学院,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学经济发展研究中心,武汉430072 [3]武汉大学人口·资源·环境经济研究中心,武汉430072

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2024年第11期161-178,共18页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“普惠金融发展促进巩固拓展脱贫攻坚同乡村振兴有效衔接的机制与路径研究”(21AJL007),项目负责人:陈银娥。

摘　　要：本文基于2014—2022年全球83个经济体的跨国面板数据实证检验了数字服务贸易壁垒对服务业就业的影响。结果表明,数字服务贸易壁垒对服务业就业具有显著的抑制作用,且主要通过抑制成本节约和知识技术溢出效应,以及提高国内生产者保护来发挥作用。细分政策领域的机制检验结果表明,电子交易、基础设施与联通、支付系统等领域所施加的限制性措施与服务业就业显著负相关。基于制造业与服务业融合视角,数字服务投入减少将对就业产生负面影响。本文还分国家(地区)、时段进行了异质性检验,结果表明:经济体间的经济发展水平差异、经贸关系及贸易时段差异均会对服务业就业产生异质性影响。总体而言,数字服务贸易壁垒越低、自由化程度越高,越有助于提升一国的服务业就业水平。实现服务业高质量充分就业应加快提升数字服务贸易开放水平,重视同数字服务贸易伙伴国的规则衔接,推动数字服务贸易开放与高质量就业协同发展。This research empirically tested the impact of digital service trade barriers on the employment of the service industry based on cross-border panel data in 83 economies worldwide from 2014 to 2022.The results indicate that digital service trade barriers have a significant inhibitory effect on employment in the service industry,mainly through suppressing the cost savings effect,knowledge and technology spillover effects,and improving domestic producer protection.The test results in the segmented policy areas indicate that restrictive measures imposed in areas such as electronic transactions,infrastructure,and connectivity,payment systems have a significantly negative correlation with the employment of the service industry.From the perspective of the integration of manufacturing and service industries,reduced investment in digital services would have a negative impact on employment.Meanwhile,this research conducted heterogeneity tests by country(region)and time,and the results show that differences in economic development levels between countries,economic and trade relations between economies,and trade periods all have heterogeneity effects on the employment of the service industry.Overall,the lower the barriers to trade in digital services and the higher the degree of liberalization,the more conducive it is to improve a country's employment level in the service industry.To achieve high-quality and full employment in the service industry,the government should accelerate the opening up of digital service trade,attach more importance to the connection of rules with trading partners,and promote the synergy level in the openness of digital service trade and high-quality employment.

关 键 词：数字服务贸易壁垒 服务业就业 细分政策领域 

分 类 号：F741[经济管理—国际贸易] F062.9[经济管理—产业经济]