热分析在石油炼制与化工催化剂研究中的应用  

Application of Thermal Analysis in the Research of Petroleum Refining and Chemical Catalysts

作　　者：王卅 曹晓娜 邱丽美 徐广通[1] WANG Sa;CAO Xiaona;QIU Limei;XU Guangtong(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2024年第6期1746-1757,共12页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司课题(PR20232125)基金资助。

摘　　要：热分析技术是一种复杂、灵活、多样的综合型表征技术,涉及的仪器类型多、分析方法灵活多样,在石油化工领域得到了广泛的应用。通过对热分析技术的发展历程和研究进展进行回顾,详细介绍了热分析技术的分类和主要热分析方法的定义、原理及其在炼油催化剂、新材料开发、催化反应过程研究、柴油机油评定、固-液相变材料研究等方面的应用情况,综述了热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和热重-质谱联用(TG-MS)等热分析方法在催化剂热行为、热稳定性、催化剂合成和前驱体煅烧、积炭及催化剂失活、润滑油氧化安定性评价、相变材料热物性测定以及揭示热分解机理等方面的应用。随着热分析联用技术的进步和研究对象的拓宽,热分析将在物化表征方面提供更全面的数据支撑,在原位反应和反应动力学的研究中发挥更好的作用。Thermal analysis technology is a complex,flexible and diverse comprehensive characterization technology,involving many types of instruments as well as flexible and diverse analysis methods,and has been widely used in the field of petrochemical industry.By reviewing the development history and research progress of thermal analysis technology,the classification of thermal analysis technology and the definition and principle of main thermal analysis methods are introduced in detail,as well as their applications in oil refining catalyst,new material development,catalytic reaction process research,diesel engine oil evaluation,solid-liquid phase variable material research and so on.The applications of thermogravimetric analysis(TG),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetric mass spectrometry(TG-MS)in catalyst thermal behavior,thermal stability,catalyst synthesis and precursor calcination,carbon deposition and catalyst deactivation,oxidation stability evaluation of lubricating oil,thermal properties determination of phase change materials,thermal decomposition mechanism and other aspects of the application were reviewed.With the development of simultaneous techniques of thermal analysis and the expansion of research objects,thermal analysis will provide more comprehensive data supporting physicochemical characterization,and play a better role in the study of in-situ reaction and reaction kinetics.

关 键 词：热分析技术 热重法 差示扫描量热法 热重-质谱联用技术 热稳定性 催化剂 积炭 

分 类 号：TE622[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]