冷阴极真空开关导通特性研究综述  

Review of study on conduction characteristics of vacuum switch based on cold cathode materials

作　　者：张自成[1] 夏际炉 胡太壮 杨增辉 袁瑜岩 张昊冉 张慧博 杨汉武[1] 张建德[1] Zhang Zicheng;Xia Jilu;Hu Taizhuang;Yang Zenghui;Yuan Yuyan;Zhang Haoran;Zhang Huibo;Yang Hanwu;Zhang Jiande(College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学前沿交叉学科学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2024年第11期1-10,共10页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51677190);湖南省杰出青年基金项目(2017JJ1005)。

摘　　要：对于空间环境应用的真空开关,可以省去人工环境下的开关密封结构和附属抽真空等设备,有效减轻体积重量,且具有真空环境天成、无需密封、绝缘强度高、恢复速度快等优点,在空间环境中有巨大的应用潜力。首先对国内外的真空开关导通特性研究进展进行了系统介绍,分析了多种类型真空开关的工作特性,评述其优缺点,并对自击穿型沿面闪络真空开关和触发型真空开关的导通机制进行了总结分析;其次分析了关于冷阴极材料的应用研究;然后概括介绍了本课题组在冷阴极真空开关方面的工作进展;最后探讨了冷阴极真空开关的发展趋势,为脉冲功率驱动源的空间环境应用奠定技术基础。For vacuum switches used in space environments,it is possible to eliminate the sealing structures and ancillary vacuum pumping equipment required in artificial environments,effectively reducing the volume and weight.Thus the switches have the advantages of inherent vacuum environment,no need for sealing,high insulation strength,and fast recovery speed,making them highly potential for application in space environments.This paper systemically introduces the research advances of vacuum switches both domestically and overseas.It analyzes and compares the operating characteristics of various types of vacuum switches.Especially,it put the emphasis on the summary of the conduction mechanism of self-breakdown flashover vacuum switch and trigger vacuum switch.It analyzes the application research of cold cathode materials and summarizes the research advances on cold cathode vacuum switch in National University of Defense Technology.Finally,it discusses the development trend of the cold cathode vacuum switch.The research results lay a solid technical foundation for the application of pulse power driving source in space environment.

关 键 词：脉冲功率 真空开关 冷阴极材料 导通特性 沿面闪络 

分 类 号：TL503[核科学技术—核技术及应用]