断裂与重构:慢性病患者女性亲属照顾实践历程及其形塑机制  

Fracture and Reconstruction:The Practical Process and Shaping Mechanism of Care for Female Relatives of Chronic Disease Patients

作　　者：祁颖菲 QI Yingfei

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,200237

出　　处：《中华女子学院学报》2024年第6期67-76,共10页Journal of China Women＇s University

摘　　要：以生命历程理论为分析视角,基于对11名慢性病患者女性亲属照顾者的深入访谈,揭示了该群体的照顾实践历程并非随着时间推移简单地线性推进,具体表现为“危机应对”“负重前行”和“人生修补”三个阶段构成的曲线型动态轨迹。围绕“照顾何以发生”“照顾何以持续”与“照顾何以延展”三个主题,首先,疾病的侵袭造成了慢性病患者女性亲属生命进程的轨迹断裂,女性以主动承担或被动选择的形式成为照顾者,其本质是该群体面临家庭危机时基于家庭环境与社会条件共同作用下的自我应对;随后,女性的个体韧性与外部支持相结合帮助她们逐渐适应并内化照顾者角色,确保照顾行为的持续;最后,通过与被照顾者互惠关系的建立和多样化的角色认同,女性延展了照顾的积极意义,进而重构自身常态化的日常生活模式,实现了其人生从“断裂”至“重构”的演变。总的来看,慢性病患者女性亲属的照顾实践是内嵌于女性个体生命历程中的鲜活生命经验,由女性的个体能动性与她们在不同历史时空阶段所浸润的社会环境条件共同形塑。因而女性照顾现象在“涵盖性别的同时超越性别”,应被纳入家庭、情感、社会资本等要素。Using life course theory,this study examines the caregiving practices of 11 female relatives of chronic illness patients through in-depth interviews,revealing a non-linear,dynamic caregiving trajectory characterized by three phases:"crisis response,""burden bearing,"and"life mending."It discusses three key questions:the reasons for caregiving,the factors sustaining it,and its potential expansion.Initially,disease onset disrupts the life paths of these women,who become caregivers either actively or passively as a response to family crises impacted by both their familial and social environments.Their resilience,supported by external resources,enables them to gradually adapt to and internalize the caregiver role,ensuring its sustainability.Lastly,by fostering reciprocal relationships with care recipients and diversifying their role identities,these caregivers extend the positive impacts of their care,reconstructing their daily lives from disruption to normalization.Overall,the caregiving experiences of these women are deeply embedded in their life courses and shaped by their individual agency and the socio-environmental conditions of their historical and spatial contexts.Hence,female caregiving,while inherently gendered,transcends gender and should be analyzed in the context of family,emotions,and social capital.

关 键 词：照顾女性化 照顾实践 生命历程理论 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]