山药雌雄株植株形态及内含物含量比较  

Comparison of morphology and inclusions between male and female yam individuals

作　　者：韩晓勇[1] 殷剑美[1] 王立[1] 蒋璐[1] 张培通[1] 郭文琦[1] 金林 刘德才 HAN Xiaoyong;YIN Jianmei;WANG Li;JIANG Lu;ZHANG Peitong;GUO Wenqi;JIN Lin;LIU Decai(Institute of Industrial Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第11期2582-2585,共4页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-21);江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS〔2021〕010)。

摘　　要：为揭示山药不同性别植株形态和生理差异,比较了山药雌雄株形态性状、成熟期块茎产量及内含物含量差异。结果表明:山药雌株分枝少、叶密度相对较低、块茎颈长度较短、块茎产量较高;雌株块茎可溶性蛋白和总酚含量高于雄株,淀粉、多糖、皂苷和黄酮的含量在雌雄株中差异不明显;17种氨基酸成分中,谷氨酸的含量雌株高于雄株,其余16种氨基酸的含量在雌雄株中差异不明显。山药雌雄株植株形态和内含物含量存在一定差异,是否可作为山药雌雄鉴定的指标,有待进一步研究。To reveal the morphological and physiological differences between male and female individuals,we compared the morphological traits,tuber yield at maturity and inclusions contents for different genders of yam.The results showed that the female individuals had fewer branches,relatively lower leaf density,shorter tuber neck length,and higher tuber yield.The content of soluble protein and total phenolics in female tubers were higher than those in male tubers,and the content of starch,polysaccharides,saponins,and flavonoids was not significantly different between male and female individuals.Among the 17 amino acid components,the content of glutamic acid in female individuals was higher than that in male individuals,while the remaining 16 amino acids showed no significant difference between male and female individuals.The differences in the morphology and inclusions,which can be used as an indicator for the identification of male and female individuals,need further research.

关 键 词：山药 雌雄株 植株形态 内含物 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]