基于遥感生态指数改进模型的沱江流域生态环境质量时空变化及驱动力研究  

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Changes and Driving Forces of Ecological Environment Quality in Tuojiang River Basin Based on RSEI Improved Modeling

作　　者：赵晓燕[1,2] 谈树成 张素[4] 李永平 吴汉 王超 ZHAO Xiaoyan;TAN Shucheng;ZHANG Su;LI Yongping;WU Han;WANG Chao(School of Geography and Resource Science,Neijjiang Normal University,Neijiang,Sichuan 641000,China;Institute of International Rivers and Ecological Security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;School of Earth Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;College of Life and Health,Dalian University,Dalian,Liaoning 116000,China;Office of International Exchange and Cooperation,Neijjiang Normal University,Neijiang 641000,China)

机构地区：[1]内江师范学院地理与资源科学学院,四川内江641000 [2]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,昆明650500 [3]云南大学地球科学学院,昆明650500 [4]大连大学生命健康学院,辽宁大连116000 [5]内江师范学院国际教育学院,四川内江641000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2024年第5期151-163,共13页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42207413);沱江流域生态工程治理背景下水土环境时空变化研究项目(TJGZL2020-07);云南省教育厅科技创新团队项目(CY22624109)。

摘　　要：[目的]沱江流域面临严重的水土流失、水环境污染和土壤侵蚀等生态环境问题,开展流域生态环境质量评价对推动长江上游生态环境保护和流域社会经济高质量可持续发展具有重要意义。[方法]基于谷歌地球引擎平台,选取2000-2020年的Landsat遥感影像,以绿度、湿度、热度、干度、生物丰度指数构建生态环境质量评价模型,采用变异系数、一元线性回归和空间自相关分析方法对流域内生态环境质量的时空演变格局进行分析,并运用最优参数地理探测器模型(optimal parameter geographic detector model,OPGD)对其驱动力进行探测。[结果](1)2000-2020年,沱江流域生态环境质量多年平均值为0.66,等级以良为主,占比为63.01%。成都周边区县、内江、自贡、泸州等城镇地区生态环境质量较差,呈现南北低中间高的空间分布格局。(2)沱江流域生态环境质量总体呈下降趋势,生态环境质量变差的趋势显著,轻微退化和显著退化面积占比分别为19.75%和5.88%。人口密度大,社会经济发展水平高的城镇化地区,生态环境质量以较高波动为主,占比为18.15%。(3)2000-2020年沱江流域全局自相关莫兰指数范围为0.769~0.870,主要分布在第1象限和第3象限,局部自相关的高-高集聚区和低-低集聚区范围随时间呈显著变化,景观斑块破碎化明显。(4)OPGD结果表明,土地利用类型、坡度、高程、夜间灯光为流域生态环境质量变化的主要驱动因子,人口密度、气温和GDP为次要驱动因子,降水量和坡向因子影响较小。土地利用类型与其他因子交互作用增强对流域内生态环境质量变化的影响。[结论]改进的遥感生态指数模型对开展区域生态环境质量评价提供新方法,研究结果为生态环境保护提供参考。[Objective]Tuojiang River Basin is facing serious ecological and environmental problems such as soil erosion,water environment pollution and soil erosion.It is of great significance to carry out the evaluation of the ecological and environmental quality of this basin in order to promote the ecological environmental protection of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the high-quality sustainable development of the basin's socio-economy.[Methods]Based on the Google Earth Engine platform,Landsat remote sensing images from 2000 to 2020 were selected to construct an ecological environment quality evaluation model with NDVI,WET,LST,NDBSI,and AI indices,and the coefficient of variation,one-way linear regression,and spatial autocorrelation analysis methods were used to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution pattern of ecological environment quality in the watershed,and to detect the driving force using the optimal parameter Geographic Detector Model(OPGD).[Results](1)During the period of 2000-2020,the multi-year average value of ecological environmental quality in the Tuojiang River Basin is 0.66,and the grade is mainly good,accounting for 63.01%.The ecological environment quality in the surrounding districts and counties of Chengdu,Neijiang,Zigong,Luzhou and other towns and regions is poor,showing a spatial distribution pattern of low north-south and high middle.(2)The ecological environment quality of the Tuojiang River Basin is generally on a declining trend,and the trend of deterioration of ecological environment quality is significant,with the ratio of slightly degraded and significantly degraded areas being 19.75%and 5.88%.The urbanized areas with high population density and high level of socio-economic development are dominated by higher fluctuations in ecological environment quality,accounting for 18.15%.(3)The global autocorrelation Moran index of Tuojiang River Basin during 20 years ranged from 0.769 to 0.870,which was mainly distributed in the first and third quadrants,and the ranges of local autocorr

关 键 词：生态环境质量 改进遥感生态指数模型 时空分析 驱动力 地理探测器模型 沱江流域 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X835