生物炭对西南喀斯特区石灰土水分入渗特征的影响  

Effect of Biochar on Water Infiltration Characteristics of Iimestone Soil in Southwest Karst Area

作　　者：余辉 方荣杰[1,2] 余佳峻[1,2,3,4] 徐勤学 敖利满[1,2] 付智勇 陈洪松[3,4] YU Hui;FANG Rongjie;YU Jiajun;XU Qinxue;AO Liman;FU Zhiyong;CHEN Hongsong(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541006,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541006,China;Key Laboratory of Agra-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Huanjiang,Guangxi 547100,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [2]桂林理工大学广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541006 [3]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [4]中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站,广西环江547100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2024年第5期225-235,共11页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1300702);广西重点研发项目(桂科AB22035058)。

摘　　要：[目的]为探究玉米秸秆生物炭对西南喀斯特区石灰土水分入渗特征的影响。[方法]设置5个生物炭施量梯度(0,2%,4%,6%和8%)、3种砾石含量土壤(10%,20%,30%)和无砾石土壤,进行一维积水入渗试验。[结果](1)随生物炭施量增加,除10%砾石含量外,湿润锋运移深度均逐渐减少,且添加生物炭对含砾石土壤的抑制效果弱于无砾石情况。以60 min为例,无砾石时比未施生物炭(CK)减少10%~27%,3种含砾石情况则分别减少1%~17%,1%~16%,1%~21%,其中施量为8%时,各处理的运移深度最小。(2)生物炭减少石灰土的累积入渗量。无砾石时的累积入渗量比CK减少9%~27%,而含砾石时比CK减少11%~21%,其中砾石和生物炭施量分别为30%和8%时累积入渗量最少,2%施量均无显著影响。(3)随生物炭施量增加,无砾石土壤初始入渗率和稳定入渗率逐渐减小;而对含砾石土壤稳定入渗率的影响比初始入渗率更显著。(4)与Philip模型相比,Horton和Kostiakov模型均能用于拟合本研究中土壤水分入渗过程,但Horton模型的拟合趋势与实际结果更符。[结论]玉米秸秆生物炭有效减少喀斯特区石灰土的土壤水分入渗,含砾石条件下玉米秸秆生物炭减少土壤水分入渗效果弱于无砾石的均质土。研究结果可为西南喀斯特区石灰土降雨入渗调控、土壤水分管理提供参考。[Objective]In order to explore the effect of corn straw biochar on water infiltration characteristics of calcareous soil in southwest karst area.[Methods]Five biochar application gradients(0,2%,4%,6%,and 8%),three gravel content soils(10%,20%,30%)and no gravel soil were set up to carry out one-dimensional water infiltration test.[Results](1)With the increase of biochar application rate,except for 10%gravel content,the migration depth of the wetting front gradually decreased,and the inhibition effect of adding biochar on gravel soil was weaker than that on non-gravel soil.Taking 60 min as an example,compared with CK(without gravel),it was reduced by 10%~27%,and the three gravel conditions were reduced by 1%~17%,1%~16%,and 1%~21%,respectively.When the application amount was 8%,the migration depth of each treatment was the smallest.(2)Biochar reduced the cumulative infiltration of lime soil.The cumulative infiltration amount without gravel was 9%~27%lower than that of CK,while that with gravel was 11%~21%lower than that of CK.Among them,the cumulative infiltration amount was the least when the amount of gravel and biochar was 30%and 8%,respectively,and the amount of 2%had no significant effect.(3)With the increase of biochar application rate,the initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate of gravel-free soil decreased gradually.The effect of biochar on the stable infiltration rate of gravel soil is more significant than the initial infiltration rate.(4)Compared with the Philip model,both the Horton and Kostiakov models can be used to fit the soil water infiltration process in this study,but the fitting trend of the Horton model is more consistent with the actual results.[Conclusion]Corn straw biochar presents a promising solution for mitigating soil water infiltration in calcareous soil within karst regions.The distinguishing factor lies in the observation that the efficacy of corn straw biochar in mitigating soil water infiltration is less pronounced under gravel-infused conditions compared to homogeneou

关 键 词：生物炭 喀斯特 土壤水分 砾石 入渗特征 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]