中国地区家猫弓形虫流行病学特征及空间聚集性研究  

Epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic cats in China

作　　者：苏雅静 林雪 张晨[2] 薛頔 无 SU Ya-jing;LIN Xue;ZHANG Chen;XUE Di;无(Ningxia Key Laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology,Institute of Medical Sciences,General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China;College of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Physical Examination and Rehabilitation Center of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学总医院,医学科学研究院,宁夏临床病原微生物重点实验室,银川750004 [2]宁夏大学教育学院,银川750021 [3]宁夏回族自治区体检康复保健中心,银川750002

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2024年第10期913-921,共9页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.82360319);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(No.2022BEG03126);宁夏高等学校科学研究项目(No.NYG-2022033);宁夏留学回国人员创新创业项目(2023年);宁夏青年科技人才托举工程项目(No.TJGC2019089);宁夏自然科学基金项目(No.2022AAC03548)联合资助

摘　　要：目的了解我国家猫弓形虫感染状况和空间分布特征,以期为刚地弓形虫的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法本研究基于PubMed、中国知网CNKI、万方数据库及百度学术数据库选择性文献调查检索,检索截至2023年12月31日发表的关于中国地区家猫弓形虫血清流行率的调查研究。应用地理信息系统(Geographical information systems,GIS)对中国地区家猫弓形虫感染状况进行空间定位与表达。采用SPSS 26.0软件统计分析。结果本研究共纳入1984年至2023年间发表的86项符合条件的研究,涵盖28个省级行政区,涉及20722只猫。ArcGIS分级统计结果显示,我国家猫弓形虫血清抗体总阳性率为14.78%(3080/20836,95%CI:14.07%~15.03%)。西藏自治区、天津市、海南省、香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区和台湾省至今尚未见猫弓形虫流行病学调查研究。猫弓形虫血清抗体阳性率最高的地区是山西省(60%,54/90,95%CI:49.82%~70.18%),其次是河北省(57.33%,43/75,95%CI:46.07%~68.59%)、河南省(45.53%,173/380,95%CI:40.52%~50.54%)和云南省(43.64%,24/55,95%CI:30.49%~56.79%),而弓形虫血清抗体阳性率最低的地区是江西省(2.47%,2/81,95%CI:-0.90%~5.90%)。我国北方地区的猫弓形虫血清抗体阳性率为14.12%(2044/14481,95%CI:12.34%~15.90%),而南方地区的阳性率为16.30%(1036/6355,95%CI:15.40%~17.20%),两者间有统计学差异(χ^(2)=16.60,P<0.05)。此外,时间分布结果显示,1984-2023年我国猫弓形虫血清抗体阳性率总体呈下降趋势。结论弓形虫在我国家猫中广泛传播,流行周期稳定且不同地区之间差异很大。由于宠物猫在我国日益流行,以及这些猫与人类之间的亲密关系可能会带来重大的暴露风险。因此,养猫与人类弓形虫感染之间的联系,以及如何减少人类通过猫接触弓形虫和猫弓形虫卵囊污染环境,需要进一步研究。We investigated the prevalence and spatial distribution characteristics of T.gondii infection in cats in China,to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of T.gondii.We searched PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang Database,and Baidu Academic Database to retrieve studies on the seroprevalence of T.gondii in domestic cats published by December 31,2023,in China,to investigate the spatial location and expression of T.gondii infection in China by using Geographical Information Systems(GIS).SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.A total of 86 eligible studies published between 1984 and 2023 were included in this study,covering 28 provincial administrative regions and involving 20722 cats.The ArcGIS classification results indicated that the overall positivity rate of T.gondii in domestic cats was 14.78%(3080/20836,95%CI:14.07%-15.03%).No epidemiological study of T.gondii infection in cats has been reported in Tibet,Tianjin,Hainan,Hong Kong region,Macao region,or Taiwan region.The prevalence of T.gondii infection in cats was highest in Shanxi Province(60%,54/90,95%CI:49.82%-70.18%),followed by Hebei Province(57.33%,43/75,95%CI:46.07%-68.59%),Henan Province(45.53%,173/380,95%CI:46.07%-68.59%),and Yunnan Province(43.64%,24/55,95%CI:30.49%-56.79%).The lowest seroprevalence of T.gondii antibody was found in Jiangxi Province(2.47%,2/81,95%CI:-0.90%-5.90%).Furthermore,the seroprevalence of T.gondii in cats in northern China was 14.12%(2044/1449195%CI:12.34%-15.90%),whereas that in southern China was 16.30%(1036/635595%CI:15.40%-17.20%).Significant differences were observed between them(χ^(2)=16.60,P<0.05).The temporal distribution results indicated a decrease in the overall seroprevalence of T.gondii in cats in China from 1984 to 2023.Our findings suggested that T.gondii in cats is widespread in China,with a stable epidemic cycle,and the rates of Toxoplasma positivity vary greatly among regions.The increasing prevalence of pet cats in China,and the close relationship between these cats and humans,may pose subs

关 键 词：弓形虫 猫 流行病学 中国 GIS技术 

分 类 号：R382.5[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]