2014-2023年浙江省温州市钩端螺旋体病流行特征和时空聚集性分析  

Epidemic characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of leptospirosis in Wenzhou from 2014 to 2023

作　　者：李玲[1] 潘琼娇[1] 黄洁茹 李万仓[1] 杨君崎 LI Ling;PAN Qiong-jiao;HUANG Jie-ru;LI Wan-cang;YANG Jun-qi(Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Wenzhou Health Supervision Institute),Wenzhou 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州市疾病预防控制中心(温州市卫生监督所),温州325000

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2024年第10期959-964,共6页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：温州市基础性科研项目(No.Y20210392,No.Y2023337)。

摘　　要：目的分析2014-2023年浙江省温州市钩端螺旋体病的流行病学特征和时空聚集性特点,为制定温州市钩体病防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集2014-2023年温州市钩体病病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析病例流行特征,采用ArcGIS 10.2软件进行空间自相关分析,SaTScan 10.1软件进行时空扫描分析。结果2014-2023年温州市累计报告钩体病病例189例,年均发病率为0.23/10万。2014-2018年病例较少,2019年之后病例明显增多,2021年报告病例数最多(62例)。每年8-10月为发病高峰,占发病总数的88.36%。病例以男性为主,男女比为5.30∶1,年龄以60~岁组为主,占发病总数的59.26%,职业以农民为主,占发病总数的72.49%。全局空间自相关分析显示,2014-2018年病例随机分布,2019-2023年发病率存在空间聚集性(Moran’s I>0,P<0.05);局部空间自相关和时空扫描分析显示,2019-2023年温州市钩体病主要集中在永嘉县北部丘陵山区和其他植被丰富的内陆地区。结论近5年温州市钩体病病例增多,发病存在季节性和时空聚集性,中老年农民为发病主要人群,建议适当扩大钩体病监测范围,在高发季来临前开展重点地区重点人群健康宣教等防控措施。This study analyzed the epidemic characteristics and spatial and temporal clustering of leptospirosis in Wenzhou from 2014 to 2023,to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control.Data for leptospirosis cases reported in Wenzhou from 2014 to 2023 were collected.Descriptive epidemiological approaches were used to analyze the cases’prevalence characteristics.Spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed in ArcGIS 10.2 software,and spatiotemporal clusters were scanned with SaTScan 10.1 software.From 2014 to 2023,189 leptospirosis cases were reported in Wenzhou,and the average annual incidence rate was 0.23/100000.Relatively fewer cases occurred in 2014-2018,whereas significantly more cases occurred after 2019,and the largest number of reported cases was reported in 2021(62 cases).The peak incidence was from August to October,accounting for 88.36%of the total incidence.The cases were mainly in males,and the sex ratio was 5.30∶1 male:female.Moreover,the cases were mainly in people in their 60s,accounting for 59.26%of total cases,and in people who were farmers,accounting for 72.49%of total cases.Global spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated that cases were randomly distributed from 2014 to 2018,and the incidence showed spatial clustering from 2019 to 2023(Moran’s I>0,P<0.05).Local spatial autocorrelation and spatiotemporal scanning analysis revealed that leptospirosis cases were concentrated primarily in northern hilly areas of Yongjia County and other inland areas rich in vegetation from 2019 to 2023.In the past 5 years,the number of leptospirosis cases in Wenzhou increased,and the incidence of lepto spirosis showed clear seasonal and spatial clustering.Cases were mainly in middle-aged and older farmers.Recommendations include expanding the monitoring scope of leptospirosis,and performing prevention and control measures such as health education for key groups in key areas before the high-incidence season.

关 键 词：钩体病 流行特征 时空聚集性 

分 类 号：R514.4[医药卫生—内科学]