海南岛油茶种质资源鉴定与分布研究进展  

Research Progress on Identification and Distribution of Oil-tea Camellia Germplasm Resources in Hainan Island

作　　者：刘进平[1,2] 胡海燕 吴文嫱 黄小龙[3] 黄东益[1] 王健[1,2] 赖杭桂[1,2] Liu Jinping;Hu Haiyan;Wu Wenqiang;Huang Xiaolong;Huang Dongyi;Wang Jian;Lai Hanggui(School of Breeding and Multiplication(Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication),Hainan Engineering Research Center for Tropical Oil-tea Camellia,Hainan University,Sanya Hainan 572000;School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Danzhou Hainan 571700;School of Life and Health Sciences,Hainan University,Haikou Hainan 570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学南繁学院(三亚南繁研究院),热带油茶海南省工程研究中心,海南三亚572000 [2]海南大学热带农林学院,海南詹州571700 [3]海南大学生命健康学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带林业》2024年第3期36-39,共4页Tropical Forestry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2200700)“热带木本油料作物新品种培育及高效配套关键技术研究与示范”;子课题(2023YFD2200702)“热带木本油料作物育种技术创新与新品种培育”;(2023YFD2200704)“热带油茶绿色高效生产技术研究与集成示范”;海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2023XDNY055)"海南油茶(山柚)风味/品质分析及遗传地理标志的创建";海南省山柚(油茶)产业技术联盟(kjcgzh017)。

摘　　要：油茶是中国特有的木本油料树种,茶籽油是一种极为健康的食用油。海南岛种植油茶的历史悠久,但对海南岛油茶种质资源鉴定与分布研究一直很不充分。随着海南本地油茶新种——海南油茶(Camellia hainanica)的鉴定及采用流式细胞术结合染色体计数法对海南油茶倍性进行深入研究,目前已对海南岛的油茶种质资源及其分布有了一个较为清晰的认识。但是未来仍需要对海南省认定的23个油茶优良品系/品种进行染色体鉴定,以及对海南“山柚油”物种来源进一步探讨。Oil-tea Camellia is a kind of woody oil-bearing tree species unique to China,from which the seed oil is edible and very nutritious.Cultivating oil-tea Camellia is historic in Hainan Island,but research on the identification and distribution of its germplasm resources is insufficient.The identification of a new local species,Camellia hainanica,coupled with comprehensive analysis of the ploidy through flow cytometry and chromosome counting,has exhibited a clear pattern of the distribution of the oil-tea germplasm in Hainan Island.However,chromosome identification of the 23 certified excellent strains/varieties of oil-tea Camellia and research on the origin of‘Shanyou oil’in Hainan Island still demand further study in the future.

关 键 词：油茶 种质资源 种质资源分布 海南油茶 海南“山柚油” 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]