广东象头山濒危植物紫纹兜兰的种群动态研究  

Study on the Population Dynamics of the Endangered Paphiopedilum purpuratum in Xiangtoushan,Guangdong

作　　者：朱晋圮 刘彩琴 康宁 程方 张粤 李萌 Zhu Jinpi;Liu Caiqin;Kang Ning;Cheng Fang;Zhang Yue;Li Meng(Management of Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve in Guangdong,Huizhou Guangdong 516003;Guangzhou Linfang Ecological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510520)

机构地区：[1]广东象头山国家级自然保护区管理局,广东惠州516003 [2]广州林芳生态科技有限公司,广东广州510520

出　　处：《热带林业》2024年第3期49-54,共6页Tropical Forestry

基　　金：广东省财政厅2021年中央林业改革发展资金(第二批)项目资助(粤财资环[2021]67号)“广东象头山国家级自然保护区综合科学考察项目”。

摘　　要：该研究对广东象头山国家级自然保护区内的紫纹兜兰种群行样方调查,从分布情况、伴生草本群落特征、龄级结构等方面进行了详细分析,揭示象头山紫纹兜兰种群的结构动态特征。结果表明,象头山样方内共发现紫纹兜兰植株34株,主要以幼龄Ⅰ~Ⅲ级植株为主,占整个种群的70.58%,种群年龄结构为稳定型。种群年龄结构的动态指数V_(pi)为0.35、V_(pi′)为0.05,表明象头山紫纹兜兰种群结构稳定。随着龄级的增长,紫纹兜兰植株的死亡率和消失率有波动性上升的趋势,生存率函数S_((i))呈逐渐下降趋势,死亡率函数F_((i))呈逐渐增加趋势。从时间序列预测分析表明,随时间的增加,种群植株总量逐渐减少,其中成年植株逐渐增加,幼苗数量减少。种群中开花个体仅为8.82%,主要靠无性繁殖产生幼苗,种群对现有生境的依赖性较高。象头山自然保护区管理机构要加强对紫纹兜兰及其生境的保护和宣传。Paphiopedilum purpuratum,due to its high ornamental value and severe resource destruction,is now on the brink of extinction.This study conducted a quadrat survey on the population of P.purpuratum in Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve,Huizhou City,Guangdong Province.Detailed analysis was conducted on the distribution,associated herbaceous community characteristics,age structure,etc.,revealing the dynamic structural characteristics of the Xiangtoushan P:purpuratum population.The results showed that 34 P.purpuratum were found in the Xiangtoushan plot,mainly consisting of Ⅰ-to-Ⅱ-age-grade plants,accounting for 70.58%of the entire population.The age structure of the population was stable.The dynamic index V_(pi) and V_(pi′) of the population age structure were 0.35 and 0.05 respectively,indicating that the population structure of P.purpuratum was stable in Xiangtoushan.As the age grade increased,the mortality and disappearance rates of P.purpuatum exhibited a fluctuating but upward trend,while the survival rate function S_((i)) and the mortality rate function F_((i)) gradually decreased and increased,respectively.Time series prediction analysis indicated that as time progressed,the total number of individuals in the population gradually decreased,with an increase in the number of adult plants and a decrease in seedlings.Flowering individuals in the population only accounted for 8.82%,mainly relying on asexual reproduction to produce seedlings,and the population had a high dependence on the existing habitat.The management agency of Xiangtoushan Nature Reserve should strengthen the protection and promotion of P.purpuratum and their habitats.

关 键 词：象头山 紫纹兜兰 伴生草本植物 种群结构动态 

分 类 号：TM938.84[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]