2021—2023年成都市孕妇碘营养状况调查  

Iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：蒋晓娟 郑红[1] 谭开科[1] 李鹏[1] JANG Xiaojuan;ZHENG Hong;TAN Kaike;LI Peng(Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610000,Sichuan Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]成都市疾病预防控制中心,成都610000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第11期1388-1395,共8页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解成都市孕妇碘营养状况,为指导孕妇科学补碘、调整碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。方法2021—2023年在成都市23个区(市)县,每个区(市)县按东、西、南、北、中划分5个抽样片区,每个片区各随机抽取1个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取20名孕妇。收集基本信息并采集孕妇尿样和家中食用盐样,采用滴定法测定盐碘含量,采用分光光度法测定尿碘含量。应用SPSS 23.0进行统计分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2021—2023年成都市共监测6920名孕妇,平均年龄29岁。共检测尿样6920份,尿碘中位数164.5μg/L。共采集6920份盐样,盐碘中位数27.30 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为98.09%(6788/6920),碘盐合格率为96.97%(6582/6788),合格碘盐食用率为95.12%(6582/6920)。不同年份、地区间尿碘频数分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=48.998,P<0.001;χ^(2)=1208.972,P<0.001),不同孕期、年龄间尿碘频数分布差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.972,P=0.063;χ^(2)=7.807,P=0.253);双流区、崇州市、天府新区、高新区连续3年尿碘中位数均<150μg/L。结论成都市孕妇总体处于碘适宜水平,但部分孕妇仍存在碘缺乏风险,需重点关注。应加强孕妇碘缺乏病监测和健康教育,并对碘缺乏孕妇予以补碘干预和指导。Objective To evaluate the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Chengdu,so as to provide a basis for guiding pregnant women to intake iodine scientifically and adjust the prevention and control strategies of iodine deficiency diseases.Methods From 2021 to 2023,each district(city,county)of 23 administrative districts(cities,counties)in Chengdu was divided into 5 sampling areas according to east,west,south,north and middle,and 20 pregnant women were selected from each areas.Edible salt sample and one random urine sample were collected to detect the contents of salt iodine and urinary iodine.Salt iodine was determined by direct titration method;Urinary iodine was detected by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method.The software SPSS 23.0was adopted for analysis.Chi-squre test was used for ratio comparrsion,with the test levelα=0.05.Results A total of 6920 pregnant women were monitored with average age of 29 years old and an iodized-salt coverage rate of 98.09%(6788/6920),an iodized-salt qualified rate of 96.97%(6582/6788),a qualified iodized-salt consumption rate of 95.12%(6582/6920).The median urine iodine of 6920 tested urinary samples and median salt iodine of 6920 tested salt samples was 164.5μg/L and 27.30 mg/kg,respectively.There were significant differences in the distribution of years and districts(cities,counties)(χ^(2)=48.998,P<0.001;χ^(2)=1208.972,P<0.001).The were no significant differences in the distribution of age and gestational age(χ^(2)=11.972,P=0.063;χ^(2)=7.807,P=0.253).The median urine iodine of each year of some districts(cities,counties)(Shuangliu District,Chongzhou City,Tianfu new District,Gaoxin District)were all less than<150μg/L from 2021 to 2023.Conclusions Pregnant women in Chengdu are generally at iodine appropriate level,but there still have iodine insufficient risk in some pregnant women which needs to be paid attention to.It is important to enhance the monitor and healthy education of Iodine Deficiency Disease in pregnant women and to provide iodine supplement

关 键 词：孕妇 尿碘 盐碘 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]