基于元胞自动机模拟高海拔地区人员疏散  

Simulation of Evacuation at High-Altitudes Based on CellularAutomata

作　　者：何益杰 He Yijie(College of Information Science and Technology,Xizang University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学信息科学技术学院,拉萨850000

出　　处：《西藏科技》2024年第10期67-73,80,共8页Xizang Science And Technology

基　　金：西藏大学研究生高水平人才培养计划项目(2022-GSP-S104)。

摘　　要：在高海拔地区,其独特的地理和气候状况给对人员的健康与安全带来了巨大的挑战,尤其是低环境压力以及氧气稀薄导致的生理及心理反应更是增加了人员疏散的难度。这些因素不仅会降低疏散速度,更会增加个体的焦虑和恐慌情绪,进而影响疏散效率和安全性。为了应对这些挑战,本研究采用元胞自动机(CA)算法,通过模拟情绪感染的传播与疏散个体的状态转换,分析了高海拔地区的疏散过程。具体来说,建立了包含静态场、动态场及行人力竭机制的模型,模拟了行人在不同情绪状态下的疏散行为。研究发现,不同情绪转变概率和力竭机制显著影响疏散时间。较高的情绪转变概率会导致更长的疏散时间,而力竭机制则显著增加个体疏散时间。该研究为在高海拔地区制定更有效的疏散方案提供了理论支持和实践指导,特别是通过量化情绪和力竭对疏散效率的影响,提出了优化疏散策略的新方法。At high-altitudes,the special geographical and climatic conditions pose great challenges to the health and safety of individuals,especially the physiological and psychological reactions caused by low environmental pressure and thin oxygen make evacuation more difficult.These factors not only reduce the evacuation speed,but also increase anxiety and panic among individuals,which in turn affect the evacuation efficiency and safety.To address these chal-lenges,this study applied a Cellular Automata(CA)algorithm to analyze the evacuation process at high-altitudes by stimulating the spread of emotional contagion and the state transition of evacuated individuals.Specifically,a model incorporating static field,dynamic field,and pedestrian exhaustion mechanisms was established to simulate evacua-tion behavior of pedestrains in different emotional states.The study found that different emotional transition probabili-ties and exhaustion mechanisms significantly affected evacuation time,which presented that a higher probability of emotional transition led to longer evacuation times,while the exhaustion mechanisms considerably increased individ-ual evacuation times.This research provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the development of more effective evacuation plans in high-altitude regions,particularly by quantifying the impact of emotions and exhaustion on evacuation efficiency,and proposes a new method to optimize evacuation strategies.

关 键 词：高海拔地区 人员疏散 元胞自动机 情绪感染 力竭机制 

分 类 号：X91[环境科学与工程—安全科学]