2021年陕西省宝鸡市入学新生结核病筛查结果分析  

Results analysis of tuberculosis screening among new students entering school in Baoji City of Shaanxi Province in 2021

作　　者：任万良[1] 校雨雨 王昱单 张亚宁[1] 严钏元[1] 李红兵[1] REN Wanliang;XIAO Yuyu;WANG Yudan;ZHANG Yaning;YAN Chuanyuan;LI Hongbing(Department of TB and AIDS Prevention and Control,Baoji Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoji,Shaanxi 721006,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市疾病预防控制中心结核病艾滋病预防控制科,陕西宝鸡721006

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第12期1149-1153,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：陕西省卫生健康委2018年度卫生健康科研项目——含利福布汀的治疗方案治疗复治敏感肺结核的临床研究(2018D046)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2021年陕西省宝鸡市入学新生结核病(tuberculosis, TB)筛查情况,为学校结核病防控提供科学依据。方法 按照筛查工作实施方案,收集入学新生基本信息,开展肺结核可疑症状及密切接触史问卷调查,实施结核菌素皮肤试验(tuberculin skin test, TST)和胸部X线检查,采用χ^(2)检验进行统计分析。结果 2021年全市共1 155所学校,其中1 144所学校完成了结核病筛查,学校筛查的比例为99.05%;入学新生156 017人,完成筛查的新生为152 588人,入学新生结核病筛查率为97.80%。发现有肺结核密切接触史的学生16人,有肺结核可疑症状的学生20人;入学新生TST共筛查62 497人,其中结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物(tuberculin purified protein derivative, PPD)试验一般阳性的2 447人,中度阳性的1 564人,强阳性的513人,强阳性率为0.82%;普通高等学校、高中/中专、其他教育机构、寄宿制初中及非寄宿制初中学生的PPD试验强阳性率依次为1.53%、0.70%、0.82%、0.56%、0.55%。不同类型学校学生PPD试验强阳性率,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5 918.11,P<0.05)。胸部X线检查13 486人,筛查异常12人,发现10人为肺结核患者。结论 结核病筛查是学校结核疫情防控的有效手段,能有效防控学校结核病的传播蔓延,仍需不断重视和加强。Objective To analyze the tuberculosis(TB)screening results among new students enrolled in schools in Baoji City of Shaanxi Province in 2021,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of TB in schools.Methods According to the implementation plan of the screening work,the basic information of the enrolled new students was collected,the questionnaire survey of suspected symptoms of TB and history of close contact was carried out,the tuberculin skin test(TST)and chest X-ray were implemented,and the statistical analysis was performed by using the Chi-square test.Results In 2021,there were a total of 1155 schools in the city,and 1144 schools completed TB screening.The proportion of school screening was 99.05%.A total of 156017 new students were enrolled and 152588 new students completed screening,with a screening rate for TB 97.80%of enrolled new students.Sixteen students had a history of close contact with TB and 20 students had suspicious symptoms of TB.The TST was performed in 62497 new students,including 2447 students with general positivity,1564 students with moderate positivity on the tuberculin purified protein derivative(PPD)test,and 513 students with strong positivity,for a strong positive rate of 0.82%.The strong positive rates of PPD tests for students in general higher education,high school/secondary school,other educational institutions,residential junior high school and non-residential junior high school were 1.53%,0.70%,0.82%,0.56%and 0.55%.The difference in strong positive rates of PPD tests for students in different schools was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5918.11,P<0.05).Chest X-ray examination of 13486 people,12 people were screened for abnormalities,and 10 cases of TB were detected.Conclusion TB screening is an effective means in the prevention and control of TB outbreaks in schools to effectively prevent and control the spreading of TB in schools.However,it still needed to be continuously emphasized and strengthened.

关 键 词：结核病 学生 学校 结核菌素皮肤试验 筛查 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]