304和430不锈钢铸坯氧化皮结构及结合力研究  

Structure and Adhesion of Oxide Scales on Casting Billet of 304 and 430 Stainless Steels

作　　者：孙琼琼 贾玺泉 徐震霖 何宜柱 范光伟[2] 张威[2] 李欢 SUN Qiongqiong;JIA Xiquan;XU Zhenlin;HE Yizhu;FAN Guangwei;ZHANG Wei;LI Huan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243032,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Stainless Steel Materials,Taiyuan Iron and Steel(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030003,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院,马鞍山243032 [2]太原钢铁(集团)有限公司先进不锈钢材料国家重点实验室,太原030003

出　　处：《中国腐蚀与防护学报》2024年第6期1649-1655,共7页Journal of Chinese Society For Corrosion and Protection

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项(20181101016);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202010360020)。

摘　　要：利用场发射扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪,分析了304奥氏体和430铁素体不锈钢铸坯在1240℃空气中保温4 h后的氧化皮结构和成分组成,并利用3D微米划痕仪表征了氧化皮与基体的结合力,探讨材料在实际工况下的氧化机理。结果表明:两种不锈钢的氧化动力学遵循抛物线规律,且430不锈钢的氧化速率显著高于304不锈钢。两种不锈钢的氧化皮均为典型的3层结构:外氧化层、内氧化层和内部氧化层;但两种不锈钢的内氧化层和内部氧化层的形态存在差异。304不锈钢内氧化层较为致密,而430不锈钢内氧化层存在较多孔洞和裂缝,有利于氧的扩散,从而加速氧化进程。304不锈钢的内部氧化层主要呈分散的块状分布,而430不锈钢内部氧化层呈连续根状分布,增强了氧化皮与基体的结合力。The structure and composition of oxide scales formed on casting billets of 304 austenitic and 430 ferritic stainless steel after being held in air at 1240℃ for 4 h were characterized by means of field emission scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer.The adhesive strength between the oxide scale and the matrix was assessed via 3D micrometer scratch.The oxidation mechanism of the steels in actual working condition was discussed.The results show that the oxidation kinetics of the two stainless steels follow a parabolic low,and the oxidation rate of 430 stainless steel is significantly higher than that of 304 stainless steels.The oxidation products of the two stainless steels have a typical three-layered structure:i.e.the oxide scale composed of an outer layer and an inner layer,as well as an internal oxidation layer beneath the outer oxide scale.But the morphologies of the inner layer of oxide scale and internal oxidation layer for the two stainless steels are different.The inner layer of oxide scale of 304 stainless steel is relatively dense,while there exist obvious pores and cracks in the inner layer of oxide scale of 430 stainless steel,which is conducive to the inward diffusion of oxygen,so that accelerates the oxidation process.The internal oxidation layer of 304 stainless steel is mainly distributed as scattered blocks;while that of 430 stainless steel is distributed as continuous rootlike shape,which enhances the adhesion between the oxide scale and the matrix.

关 键 词：不锈钢 铸坯 氧化皮 结构 结合力 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]