北京市公共建筑能效分级管理机制探索、项目调研及试评估  

Exploration,Project Research and Preliminary Assessment of Energy-efficiency Rating Management Mechanism for Public Buildings in Beijing

作　　者：田昕 赵洋[3] 林波荣[3] 周浩[3,4] 杨雨人 TIAN Xin;ZHAO Yang;LIN Borong;ZHOU Hao;YANG Yuren(School of Management and Economics,Bejing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Center for Building Energy Efficiency and Building Materials Management,Bejing 100091,China;Key Laboratory of Eco Planning and Green Building(Tsinghua University),Ministry of Education,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Urban Governance and Sustainable Development,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学管理学院,北京100081 [2]北京市建筑节能与建筑材料管理事务中心,北京100091 [3]清华大学生态规划与绿色建筑教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [4]清华大学城市治理与可持续发展研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第10期40-51,共12页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72374121);2023年北京市住房和城乡建设委“北京市民用建筑能源资源消耗统计与公共建筑电耗限额管理”。

摘　　要：建筑碳排放在城市总量中的占比可达到50%~75%,其中公共建筑的运行能耗与碳排放强度可达住宅的3~5倍且产权单一、用能集中,是建筑行业节能降碳的重点和优先对象,但当前各地公共建筑节能管理工作普遍存在政府负担重、市场节能降碳动力不足等问题。为缓解上述问题,北京市在近10年的公共建筑电耗限额管理经验与教训的基础上,在全国率先制定了基于实际运行数据的公共建筑能效分级管理制度,并在2023年开展了部分区县项目调研与能效分级试评估工作。由于公共建筑能效分级管理制度在国内没有任何先验经验可以借鉴,国际经验因国情不同而不能完全照搬、需因地制宜,本文详细介绍了北京市公共建筑能效分级方法、项目调研与评估结果及其中发现的问题和对策建议,以期为我国其他省市开展公共建筑节能降碳管理工作提供参考。The proportion of building carbon emissions in total urban carbon emissions could reach 50%~75%.The operation energy consumption and carbon emission intensity of public buildings could reach 3~5 times those of residential buildings,along with sole ownership and concentrated energy use,so it is the focus and priority of energy conservation and carbon reduction in the building sector.However,many problems such as the government's heavy burden and insufficient motivation in the market exist in the current energy conservation and carbon reduction management of public buildings across China.In order to alleviate the above problems,Beijing,on the basis of the nearly ten years'implementation experience and lessons of public building power consumption quota management,took the lead in China to formulate a public building energy-efficiency rating management system(BEERM)based on actual operation data,and carried out project research and preliminary assessment of energy-efficiency ratings in some districts in 2023.As there is no prior experience of BEERM for reference in China,while the international cases cannot be completely copied due to different national conditions,this paper described in detail the method of BEERM in Beijing,and the results of project research and preliminary assessment with the problems found,as well as countermeasures and suggestions,so as to provide reference for other cities to carry out the management of energy conservation and carbon reduction of public buildings.

关 键 词：节能降碳 能效标识 实地调研 运行调试 绿色租赁 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]