直驱式光伏电-热复合相变蓄热板热性能及其建筑供暖可行性探讨  

Discussion on the Thermal Performance of Direct-driven Photovoltaic Electric-thermal Composite Phase-change Thermal Storage Plates and Its Feasibility for Building Heating

作　　者：李恭丞 陈超[1] 焦勇翔 韩枫涛 李俊梅[1] LI Gongcheng;CHEN Chao;JIAO Yongxiang;HAN Fengtao;LI Junmei(Bejing Key Laboratory of Green Building Environment and Energy Conservation Technology,Bejing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Wenzhou Institute of Technology,Wenzhou 325000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学绿色建筑环境与节能技术北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]温州理工学院,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第10期96-106,共11页Building Science

基　　金：北京市科技重大专项资助项目“温室太阳能全光综合利用技术集成与示范”(No.Z211100004621002)。

摘　　要：太阳能光伏技术的发展为我国北方地区建筑冬季可再生能源供暖提供了可能,然而光伏组件系统不稳定的低压直流电力特性,与建筑电力能源系统稳定的交流电力特性不具匹配性,给光伏电力高效应用带来挑战。本文基于课题组提出的直驱式光伏电-热复合相变蓄热墙体设计理念,搭建了电-热复合相变蓄热板实验台,结合实验与理论分析方法,研究了墙板光伏电-热特性、相变蓄热及其传热特性;进一步搭建了1:8缩尺阳光房实验台,研究并把握该墙板应用于建筑供暖的可行性。实验结果表明,光伏组件系统日输入电量1.8 kW·h/d、室外环境温度18℃条件下,电-热复合相变热板蓄放热效率为93.3%、有效放热时间可达12 h;缩尺模型实验房间较对照房间空气温度平均提高3.6℃,夜间北壁体内表面温度提高7.2℃,北墙体夜间向室内供热量的72%由光伏电贡献。研究结果可为光伏电-热相变蓄热供暖技术在建筑领域的广泛应用提供重要参考。The development of solar photovoltaic technology provides the possibility of renewable energy heating for buildings in northern China in winter,but the unstable low-voltage DC power characteristics of photovoltaic module systems do not match the stable AC power characteristics of building power systems,which poses challenges for the efficient application of photovoltaic power.Based on the design concept of direct-driven photovoltaic electric-thermal composite phase-change regenerative walls proposed by the research group,this paper built a test bench for electric-thermal composite phase-change heat storage plates,and combined experimental and theoretical analysis methods to study the photovoltaic electric-thermal characteristics,phase-change heat storage,and heat transfer properties of the wall plates.Furthermore,a sunroom test bench to the scale of 1∶8 was built to study and evaluate the feasibility of applying the wall plates for building heating.Experimental results showed that under conditions of a daily input of 1.8 kW·h/day from the photovoltaic module system and an outdoor ambient temperature of 18℃,the electric-thermal composite phase-change heat storage plate achieved the heat storage and release efficiency of 93.3%with an effective heat release duration of up to 12 hours.Compared to the control room,the air temperature in the scale model experimental room increased by 3.6℃on average,and the internal surface temperature of the north wall at night rose by 7.2℃.Notably,72%of the heat supplied to the indoor environment from the north wall during the night was contributed by photovoltaic electricity.These findings can provide important reference for the widespread application of photovoltaic electric-thermal phase-change heat storage heating technology in the construction sector.

关 键 词：直驱式光伏电-热系统 复合相变蓄热板 相变传热 建筑供暖 实验与理论 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TU111.19