原低气压对藏族服装热阻的影响  

Influence of Low Air Pressure on the Thermal Resistance of Tibetan Garments on the Plateau

作　　者：赵金玉 宋聪[1,2] 刘艳峰[1,2] 赵东雪 李佳[1] ZHAO Jinyu;SONG Cong;LIU Yanfeng;ZHAO Dongxue;LI Jia(State Key Laboratory of Green Building Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,Shaanxi,China;College of Building Equipment Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture Science and Technology,Xi'an 710055,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]绿色建筑国家重点实验室西安建筑科技大学,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学建筑设备科学与工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第10期163-170,共8页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“高原非对称着衣藏族人群适应性热舒适机理及热环境需求研究”(编号:No.52378107);陕西省教育厅青年创新团队科研计划项目“藏族着装热调节机制与人体热舒适评价研究”(编号:No.22JP039);陕西省科学技术协会青年人才托举计划项目“高原人体热舒适与建筑热环境参数研究”(编号:No.20230429)。

摘　　要：服装热阻是影响人体热舒适的重要因素之一,与温度、风速、活动状态及大气压力有关。针对低气压环境,目前,尚缺乏藏族服装热阻实验数据,也没有可参考的低压服装热阻修正方法。本实验选取6名男性和6名女性作为受试者,分别在海拔414 m的西安与3650 m的拉萨统一穿着藏族典型服装:氆氇袍与布热衬衫,在3种着装方式:“穿两手”、“露一手”、“露两手”下采用真人实验法测试服装实际热阻,并建立低气压下服装热阻的修正计算方法。研究结果表明,海拔414 m时服装热阻的范围为1.45~1.93 clo,海拔3650 m时服装热阻的范围为1.62~2.01 clo;藏装呈非对称着装时,各对称部位的局部热阻值呈非对称式分布。各部位局部热阻与藏装服装结构有关,胸部等较宽松的部位局部热阻值较大;藏装整体热阻、局部热阻与大气压力有关,气压降低时,热阻值增大。Clothing thermal resistance is one of the important factors affecting human thermal comfort, which is related to temperature, wind speed, activity status and atmospheric pressure. For the low-pressure environment, now there is neither experimental data on the thermal resistance of Tibetan garments, nor referable modified method for the thermal resistance of garments under low pressure. In this experiment, 6 males and 6 females were selected as subjects, and they were uniformly dressed in typical Tibetan garments, namely serge robes and cloth-heated shirts, in Xi'an at an altitude of 414 m and Lhasa at an altitude of 3,650 m, respectively, and in the three ways of “wearing two sleeves”, “exposing one arm”, and “exposing two arms”. Then, the actual thermal resistance of the garments was tested with the real-life experimental method, and a modified calculation method for the thermal resistance of the garments under low air pressure was developed. The results showed that the range of thermal resistance of the garments was 1.45~1.93 clo at the altitude of 414 m, and the range of thermal resistance of the garments was 1.62~2.01 clo at the altitude of 3,650 m. When the Tibetan garments were asymmetrically dressed, the value of local thermal resistance of each symmetrical part was asymmetrically distributed. The local thermal resistance of each part is related to the structure of Tibetan clothing, and the local thermal resistance of the looser parts such as the chest is larger;the overall and local thermal resistance of Tibetan clothing are related to the atmospheric pressure, and the thermal resistance increases when the air pressure decreases.

关 键 词：热舒适 服装热阻 真人实验法 低气压修正 藏袍 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]