基于近距离接触行为分析的室内感染风险评估与防控设计策略研究  

Research on Indoor Infection Risk Assessment and Prevention and Control Design Strategy Based on Close Contact Behavior Analysis

作　　者：钟志涛 潘振宇 唐海达 ZHONG Zhitao;PAN Zhenyu;TANG Haida(School of Architecture,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,Jiangsu,China;School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学建筑学院,江苏南京210096 [2]深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第10期211-219,共9页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“表面沉积呼出飞沫蒸发残留物再悬浮特性及病房环境控制方法研究”(52078296)。

摘　　要：烈性呼吸道传染病频发,使得室内环境健康与安全问题成为全社会关注的焦点。为探究室内人员近距离接触行为对传染病空气传播风险的影响,本研究提出1种基于计算机图像识别技术捕捉人员行为轨迹的室内感染风险评估方法。结合行为分析和室内换气率实测建立近距离空气传播的暴露剂量计算方法。该方法在某高校内廊式回字型平面布局的办公楼中应用。研究结果表明:个体行为具有多样性;近距离接触主要发生在办公室内的座位和通道、回字型走廊转角、房间门口等位置;初始感染比例为5%时,教师、员工和学生的累计感染风险分别为0.17%,0.42%,0.85%。并从阻断感染链条的角度提出典型内廊式回字型平面布局的室内感染风险防控对策。研究结果可为办公建筑防疫设计、运维管理提供依据。The frequent occurrence of virulent respiratory infections has made the issue of indoor environmental health and safety a focus of concern for the entire society.In order to explore the impact of people's close contact behaviors indoors on the risk of airborne transmission of infectious diseases,this study proposed an indoor infection risk assessment method based on the computer image recognition technology to capture occupants'behavioral trajectories.A numerical model for assessing the risk of indoor infections was developed in combination with the results of behavioral analyses and measurements of indoor air change rates.The method was applied in an office building with an interior corridor floor plan at a university.The results demonstrated that the individual behaviors are diverse;the main passages and seats in offices,corridor corners,and room doorways are areas of the high frequency of close contact.The cumulative risk of infection was 0.17%for teachers;0.42%for employees;and 0.85%for students,with an initial infection rate of 5%.Indoor infection risk prevention and control strategies for a typical interior corridor floor plan were also proposed from the perspective of blocking the chain of infection.The results of this study can provide a basis for the epidemic prevention design,and operation and maintenance management of office buildings.

关 键 词：办公建筑 人员行为 换气率 图像识别 感染风险 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]