贵阳市宠物仓鼠四翼无刺线虫的鉴定及遗传进化分析  

Identification and genetic evolution analysis of Aspiculuris tetraptera in pet hamsters in Guiyang City

作　　者：王鸿雁 李小毛 崔轩胤 张科 牟荣 WANG Hongyan;LI Xiaomao;CUI Xuanyin;ZHANG Ke;MOU Rong(Clinical Laboratory,People's Hospital of Tongren City,Tongren,Guizhou 554300,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]铜仁市人民医院检验科,贵州铜仁554300 [2]贵州医科大学基础医学院人体寄生虫学教研室

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第10期965-969,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82160398)。

摘　　要：目的调查贵阳市宠物仓鼠中四翼无刺线虫的感染情况,并进行遗传进化分析,以期为四翼无刺线虫感染的防控提供依据。方法于2022年4月在贵阳市某宠物市场,通过随机抽样方法共收集26只仓鼠。首先,采用饱和盐水浮聚法检测仓鼠粪便的虫卵,随后通过光学显微镜对虫卵进行形态学鉴定。其次,利用酚氯仿法提取虫卵总DNA,并使用特定引物对18S核糖体DNA(18S ribosomal DNA,18S rDNA)进行PCR扩增,PCR扩增产物通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定,阳性PCR扩增产物送上海生物工程股份有限公司进行双向Sanger测序。最后,使用BioEdit 7.0和MEGA 11.0软件对18S rDNA核苷酸序列进行同源性和遗传进化分析。结果通过饱和盐水浮聚法,26份粪便样本中3份检测出四翼无刺线虫卵,感染率为11.54%。琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果显示,在约900bp处存在目的条带。通过对18S rDNA基因核苷酸序列的比对和系统进化分析,确认这些虫卵的遗传特征,结果显示与已知的四翼无刺线虫相似性达到99.32%。系统进化树分析发现该线虫与无刺属线虫同属一分支。结论贵阳市宠物仓鼠普遍存在四翼无刺线虫感染。该研究为宠物仓鼠的健康管理和寄生虫的防控提供了重要信息。Objective This study aimed to investigate the infection status of Aspiculuris tetraptera in pet hamsters in Guiyang City and conduct a genetic evolution analysis,and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of Aspiculuris tetraptera infection.Methods In April 2022,a total of 26 hamsters were randomly sampled from a pet market in Guiyang City.Firstly,the saturated brine salt flotation method was employed to detect eggs in the hamster feces,followed by morphological identification of the eggs using an optical microscope.Subsequently,the total DNA of the eggs was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method.Specific primers were then used for PCR amplification of the 18S ribosomal DNA(18S rDNA),and the PCR amplification products were identified by agarose gel electrophoresis.Positive PCR amplification products were sent to Shanghai Sangon Biotech Company Limited for bidirectional Sanger sequencing.Finally,BioEdit 7.0 software and MEGA 11.0 software were utilized for homology and genetic evolution analysis of the 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences.Results By the saturated brine salt flotation method,it was found that Aspiculuris tetraptera eggs were detected in 3 out of the 26 fecal samples,with an infection rate of 11.54%.The results of agarose gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of the target band at approximately 900bp.Through comparison of the 18S rDNA gene nucleotide sequences and phylogenetic analysis,the genetic characteristics of these eggs were confirmed,the results showed a 99.32%similarity to the known Aspiculuris tetraptera.Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that this worm belongs to the same clade as the genus Aspiculuris.Conclusion Aspiculuris tetraptera infection is prevalent in pet hamsters in Guiyang City.This study provides essential information for the health management of pet hamsters and the prevention and control of parasites.

关 键 词：贵阳 宠物仓鼠 四翼无刺线虫 直接镜检 分子鉴定 进化树 

分 类 号：R383.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]