采用WSR方法论的塔吊坍塌事故安全评价方法  

Safety Evaluation Method for Tower Crane Collapse Accidents Using WSR Methodology

作　　者：祁神军[1] 汪丫 陈晶晶 张子晨 QI Shenjun;WANG Ya;CHEN Jingjing;ZHANG Zichen(School of Civil Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学土木工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期721-729,共9页Journal of Huaqiao University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(71303082);福建省创新战略研究项目(2020R0055)。

摘　　要：为提高塔吊安全管理效率,采用物理-事理-人理(WSR)方法论构建塔吊坍塌事故安全评价体系。从物理层面基于塔吊的结构组成视角分析塔吊坍塌的主要风险致因;从事理层面梳理塔吊坍塌事故发生的内在机理,并建立塔吊坍塌事故树模型;从人理层面提出塔吊坍塌关键风险因素的应对措施;通过实例论证安全评价模型的可行性。研究结果表明:保护装置失效是塔吊坍塌事故树模型中最关键的风险因素,其关键重要度为51.14%,加强塔吊设备安全隐患巡查、规范塔吊作业人员行为和优化塔吊运行安全监管能有效降低人不良思想和行为造成的物理风险。In order to improve the efficiency of tower crane safety management,a safety evaluation system for tower crane collapse accidents is constructed based on the Wuli-Shili-Renli(WSR)methodology.From Wuli level,the main risk causes of tower crane collapse are analysed based on the structural composition of the tower crane.From Shili level,the internal mechanism of tower crane collapse is sorted out,and the fault accident tree model of tower crane collapse is established.From Renli level,the countermeasures of key risk factors of tower crane collapse are proposed;and the feasibility of the safety evaluation model is demonstrated by examples.The research results show that the failure of protective devices is the most critical risk factor in the tower crane collapse accident tree model,with a critical importance degree of 51.14%,strengthening the inspection of hidden safety hazards of tower crane equipment,regulating the behaviour of tower crane operators and optimising the safety supervision of tower crane operation can effectively reduce Wuli risks caused by bad person thoughts and behaviours.

关 键 词：物理-事理-人理(WSR)方法论 塔吊坍塌 事故树 安全评价 基本事件 

分 类 号：X947[环境科学与工程—安全科学]