规范农村市场秩序保障农村食品安全——监管执法与民事侵权的双重规制  

Regulating the Rural Market Order-Ensuring Rural Food Safety-Dual Regulation through Supervisory Enforcement and Civil Infringement

作　　者：李斌 LI Bin(Beijing Zhongwen Law Firm)

机构地区：[1]北京市中闻律师事务所

出　　处：《中国食品安全》2024年第6期63-66,共4页CHINA FOOD SAFETY

摘　　要：农村消费者辨识假冒伪劣食品能力较弱,法律知识、维权意识与举证能力不足,而监管执法涉及的点多面广,经营者流动性大,违法行为隐蔽性强,基层执法力量配置相对薄弱,监管难度较大,农村食品安全问题较为突出。本文针对实践中常见的制售仿冒混淆、商标侵权山寨食品,三无食品,添加非食用物质食品等违法行为,从监管执法与民事侵权两个维度切入,分析探讨强化事前审批准入、事中监督检查、事后追责处罚,刚性执法与柔性指引相结合的全流程动态监管,充分发挥食品安全惩罚性赔偿制度的司法威慑力,进行双重法律规制,形成经营者、行业协会、监管部门、司法机关、广大消费者与消费者组织、新闻媒体等各方积极参与的食品安全社会共治格局。Rural consumers tend to have weaker abilities in identifying fake and inferior food products,as well as insufficient legal knowledge,rights protection awareness,and ability to provide evidence.Additionally,the extensive coverage and wide range of issues involved in regulatory law enforcement,the high mobility of operators,the concealment of illegal acts,and the relatively weak allocation of law enforcement forces at the grassroots level all contribute to the difficulty of supervision,resulting in prominent issues of rural food safety.This article focuses on common illegal practices in practice,such as the production and sale of counterfeit and confusing products,trademark infringement of counterfeit foods,foods without proper labeling,and the addition of non-food substances to food products.By analyzing and discussing from two dimensions:regulatory law enforcement and civil infringement,this article proposes to strengthen pre-approval and access,in-process supervision and inspection,post-incident accountability and punishment,and a comprehensive dynamic supervision that combines rigid law enforcement with flexible guidance.It aims to fully leverage the judicial deterrent power of the punitive compensation system for food safety,implement dual legal regulations,and form a social co-governance structure for food safety that involves active participation from operators,industry associations,regulatory departments,judicial authorities,consumers,consumer organizations,news media,and other stakeholders.

关 键 词：农村食品安全 山寨食品 三无食品 非法添加 监管执法 民事侵权 惩罚性赔偿 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]