韧性视角下高速公路网络拥堵特性分析  

Analyzing Congestion Characteristic of Expressway Network from Perspective of Resilience

作　　者：徐鹏程 路庆昌 李静[1] 王世鑫 任永全 张伟 XU Peng-cheng;LU Qing-chang;LI Jing;WANG Shi-xin;REN Yong-quan;ZHANG Wei(School of Electric and Control Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China;Tech Traffic Highway Engineering Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学电子与控制工程学院,陕西西安710064 [2]中咨泰克交通工程集团有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2024年第10期196-208,共13页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72471035,71971029);国家自然科学基金重点项目(52232012);陕西省杰出青年基金项目(2021JC-28);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(300102323710)。

摘　　要：拥堵是影响高速公路网络运营性能最为常见的事件之一,但过往研究多关注破坏性事件下路段失效所导致的短时内局部路网的拥堵延误,忽视了宏观交通流波动产生的动态拥堵过程对路网正常运营性能的影响。为研究动态拥堵生成-集聚-消散过程中的路网韧性特征,综合考虑网络拓扑结构、动态交通流时空特性以及道路基础设施类型等因素,建立了基于渗流理论的高速公路网络拥堵韧性评估方法,并以某省高速公路网络为例进行验证分析。结果表明:不同时空状态下路网韧性与拥堵集群规模均呈现近似幂律分布,具有无标度现象;当速度阈值(q_(l))接近0.2和0.7时,拥堵规模扩散达到临界相变状态,路网韧性降低近65%;对比不同时段路网拥堵韧性,晚高峰的拥堵恢复时间相比于其他时段增加近50%;交通基础设施类型对路网拥堵韧性具有显著影响,桥隧路段拥堵的恢复时间比普通路段高25%左右;当路网内桥隧路段占比高于65%时,不同时空状态下路网韧性平均下降约50%。研究结果可为交通管理部门预防和缓解日常拥堵提供理论依据和策略建议。Congestion is a common phenomenon that affects the operational performance of expressway networks.However,previous studies have focused on congestion delays in regional road networks due to section failures within a short period of damage,whereas the effect of dynamic congestion caused by macro-traffic flow fluctuations is disregarded.To address the characteristics of road-network resilience based on the generation-cluster-recovery process of dynamic congestion,this study integrates network topology,spatiotemporal characteristics of dynamic flow,and road-infrastructure attributes to devise a percolation-theory-based methodology for the congestion resilience of expressway networks.This approach was demonstrated and analyzed in the expressway network of a province in China.The results show that the road-network resilience and congestion cluster scale demonstrate an approximate power distribution and a scale-free law under different spatiotemporal conditions.Under speed thresholds(q_(l))of 0.2 and 0.7,the congestion cluster reaches the transition state and the road-network resilience is reduced by approximately 65%.Comparing the resilience curves for different time periods,the congestion recovery time of evening peak hours is approximately 50%higher than that of other periods.Additionally,the transportation infrastructure type significantly affect the congestion resilience of road networks.The recovery time of congested bridges and tunnels is 25%longer than that of normal sections.When the proportion of bridges and tunnels exceeds 65%,the road-network resilience decreases by approximately 50%under different spatiotemporal conditions.The findings of this study could provide the theoretical evidence and practical implications for traffic management to mitigate and prevent frequent congestion.

关 键 词：交通工程 韧性 渗流理论 高速公路网 关键基础设施 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]