跨里海国际运输走廊建设的进展、挑战与思考  

Construction of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route:Process, Challenges and Thoughts

作　　者：蒿琨 Hao Kun(College of Foreign Languages,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学外语学院

出　　处：《国际关系研究》2024年第5期24-42,155,156,共21页Journal of International Relations

摘　　要：跨里海国际运输走廊起自中国,贯穿哈萨克斯坦、里海、南高加索地区,沿陆路到土耳其,或经黑海延伸至欧洲其他地区。2022年乌克兰危机升级以来,跨里海走廊的货运量迅速增长,跨里海走廊成为亚欧铁路网通道北线的替代路线之一。预计到2030年,沿跨里海走廊通过里海的货运量将增至2021年的3倍,达到1100万吨。中国参与跨里海走廊建设,有助于共建“一带一路”高质量发展,规避亚欧大陆地缘政治冲突引发的地缘经济风险,实现中欧铁路通道北、中、南线的均衡和多样化发展。同时,跨里海走廊建设也面临运输能力偏低导致货物延误、铁路和港口等基础设施相对落后、里海气候变化时常导致货运中断以及相关利益方的态度差异等挑战。中国和沿线国家可以从提升跨里海走廊沿线多式联运的物流效率、加强沿线铁路电气化和港口运输能力建设、共同应对里海气候变化影响和带动沿线地区经济社会发展等方面推进跨里海走廊建设。The Trans-Caspian International Transport Route(TITR) starts from China,running through Kazakhstan, the Caspian Sea, the South Caucasus, overland to Turkey, also reach to other parts of Europe through the Black Sea. Since the escalation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in 2022, freight traffic along the TITR has grown rapidly,making the TITR one of the alternative routes to the Northern Corridor. It is expected that by 2030, the freight volume through the Caspian Sea along the TITR will increase to three times its 2021 level, reaching 11 million tons. China's participation in the construction of the TITR will contribute to high-quality Belt and Road Initiative cooperation, avoid geo-economic risks caused by geopolitical conflicts in the Eurasian continent to achieve the balanced and diversified development of the northern, central and southern lines of the China-Europe Railway Corridor. At the same time, the construction of the TITR also faces challenges such as cargo delays due to low transportation capacity, relatively backward infrastructure such as railways and ports, interruptions of cargo transportation due to climate change in the Caspian Sea, and differences in attitudes of stakeholders. China and the countries along the corridor can promote the construction of the TITR by improving the efficiency of multimodal transportation along the TITR, strengthening the electrification of railways and the construction of port transportation capacity along the TITR, jointly addressing impacts of climate change in the Caspian Sea, and stimulating the economic and social development of the regions along the TITR.

关 键 词：跨里海国际运输走廊 建设进展 面临挑战 共建“一带一路” 

分 类 号：F511[经济管理—产业经济]