凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)野生群体与养殖群体的线粒体遗传变异分析  

Analysis of mitochondrial genetic variation in wild and cultured populations of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：范春 高雪忠 于晓丹 刘红[2] 王建刚 李云[2] FAN Chun;GAO Xuezhong;YU Xiaodan;LIU Hong;WANG Jiangang;LI Yun(Shanghai Fengxian ecological aquaculture service center,Shanghai 201499,China;Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区生态养殖服务中心,上海201499 [2]上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《水产科技情报》2024年第6期341-346,共6页Fisheries Science & Technology Information

基　　金：上海市南美白对虾产业技术体系建设项目[沪农科产字(2022)第5号]。

摘　　要：为研究凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的母系遗传背景以及遗传特性,运用线粒体基因(mtDNA)D-loop区分子标记技术,对凡纳滨对虾野生群体与养殖群体的遗传变异进行了比较分析。结果显示:野生群体与养殖群体的碱基组成一致,A+T的含量(81.52%)明显高于C+G的含量(18.48%);野生群体的单倍型多样性(H_(d))为0.960±0.017,核苷酸多样性(π)为0.104±0.051,明显高于养殖群体的(H_(d)=0.680±0.075,π=0.060±0.029)。经分子方差分析(AMOVA)发现,种群间的遗传变异率为13.09%,群体内的遗传变异率为86.91%,野生凡纳滨对虾群体与养殖群体的遗传分化存在显著差异(F_(st)=0.131,P<0.05)。本研究结果可为凡纳滨对虾的种质资源相关研究提供理论依据。To study the maternal genetic background and characteristics of Litopenaeus vannamei,mtDNA D-loop molecular marker technology was used to compare the genetic variation between wild and farmed populations of L.vannamei.The base composition of the two populations was consistent.The content of A+T was 81.52%,which was significantly higher than that of C+G(18.48%).Haplotype diversity(H_(d)=0.960±0.017)and nucleotide diversity(π=0.104±0.051)in the wild population were significantly higher than those in the cultured population(H_(d)=0.680±0.075;π=0.060±0.029).Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA)revealed that the genetic variation rate between populations was 13.09%,while the genetic variation rate within populations was 86.91%.Significant genetic differentiation was observed between the wild and cultured populations of L.vannamei(F_(st)=0.131,P<0.05).The results of this study could provide a theoretical basis for future research on the germplasm resources of L.vannamei.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 野生群体 养殖群体 MTDNA 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]