水温对单环刺螠幼体和成体滤水及呼吸代谢特征的影响  

Effects of water temperature on the filtration and respiratory metabolic characteristics of juvenile and adult Urechis unicinctus

作　　者：张龙 田鑫华 杨智 张志峰[1,2] ZHANG Long;TIAN Xinhua;YANG Zhi;ZHANG Zhifeng(Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province,Sanya Oceanographic Institution,Ocean University of China,Sanya 572024,China;College of Marine Life Science,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]热带水产种质海南省重点实验室,中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院,海南三亚572024 [2]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《水产科技情报》2024年第6期347-353,共7页Fisheries Science & Technology Information

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2021XDNY180)。

摘　　要：为探究温度对单环刺螠生理活动的影响,分别以单环刺螠幼体和成体为研究对象,对其在不同水温(17℃、25℃和30℃)下的滤水率、耗氧率和排氨率进行了检测。试验结果显示:在试验温度范围内,单环刺螠幼体和成体的滤水率均随着水温的升高而降低,而相同温度下幼体的滤水率极显著高于成体(P<0.001);水温30℃下幼体和成体的排氨率分别显著高于其他两个温度组(P<0.05),但在相同温度下,幼体与成体之间排氨率无显著差异(P>0.05);水温30℃组幼体的耗氧率显著高于其他两个温度组,不同温度组之间成体的耗氧率则无显著差异(P>0.05),而水温17℃、30℃下幼体的耗氧率极显著高于成体(P<0.01、P<0.001);幼体O/N值(呼吸的氧原子数与排出的氨态氮原子数比值)随着水温的升高而降低,成体O/N值则是先升高后降低,提示在试验水温范围内,单环刺螠主要供能物质是蛋白质。结果表明,单环刺螠是一种高滤水、低耗氧型生物,温度和体质量对单环刺螠滤水和呼吸代谢具有显著影响。To explore the effects of temperature on the physiological activities of Urechis unicinctus,the filtration rate,oxygen consumption rate,and ammonia excretion rate of juvenile and adult U.unicinctus were measured at three water temperatures(17℃,25℃,and 30℃).The results showed that the filtration rate in both juveniles and adults decreased with water temperature increasing,and the filtration rate of juveniles(per unit body mass)was significantly higher than that of the adults(P<0.001).The ammonia excretion rates in the juveniles and adults of U.unicinctus at 30℃were significantly higher than those in the other two temperature groups(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in ammonia excretion rate between the juveniles and adults at the same temperature(P>0.05).However,the oxygen consumption rate of the juveniles was significantly higher than that of adults at 17℃(P<0.01)and 30℃(P<0.001).The O/N ratio(the ratio of the number of oxygen atoms consumed to the number of excreted ammonia nitrogen atoms)of the juveniles decreased with water temperature increasing,while the O/N ratio of the adults initially increased and then decreased.This suggested that,within the tested temperature range,protein was the main energy supply source for U.unicinctus.The results show that U.unicinctus is an organism with high-filtration and low-oxygen consumption,and temperature and body mass significantly affect its filtration and respiratory metabolism.

关 键 词：单环刺螠 温度 滤水率 耗氧率 排氨率 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]