事件拟代和类指拟代——从“放着NP不VP”看主观评价的两种实现机制  

Event simulation and generic simulation as realizations of evaluative modality:A case study of“fangzhe(放着)NP bu(不)VP”

作　　者：强星娜 QIANG Xingna(Institute of International Chinese Language Teaching,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学国际中文教学研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2024年第4期34-42,共9页TCSOL Studies

基　　金：教育部中外语言交流合作中心2022年国际中文教育研究课题重点项目“面向国际中文教育的汉语语气与情态研究”(22YH38B)。

摘　　要：本文以汉语常用构式“放着NP不VP”为例,探讨言者如何行使主观评价行为。文章提出,当言者说出这个构式时,他对施事的某种行为做出了一个规范性(normative)的消极评价,即认为“没有实施VP-NP行为是不应该的”。言者的评价行为是通过“事件拟代”和“类指拟代”(Gordon,1986)两种方式实现的,尤其是后者,是言者行使规范性评价行为最基本、最常用的方式。文章通过话题化、量化、从属化等多种句法语义测试框架证明,类指拟代在该构式的准入限制等方面表现出较强的解释力。The present paper endeavors to probe into the mode by which the speaker performs his subjective evaluation.By ut⁃tering a commonly used semi-schematic construction of“fangzhe(放着)NP bu(不)VP”,the speaker files a normative eval⁃uation toward the agent who makes his unwise choice of not carrying out the act denoted by VP-NP.It proposes that such an evaluative act is realized by event simulation and generic simulation(Gordon,1986),of which the latter plays a vital role.The paper also presents multiple syntactic and semantic testing frames,e.g.,topicalization,quantification,and subordination,within which generic simulation proves effective in explaining various constraints over the accessibility to the construction.

关 键 词：事件拟代 类指拟代 大众心理 主观评价 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]