淹水和适水条件下不同磷肥对稻麦轮作土壤磷库的影响  

Effects of different phosphorus fertilizers on phosphorus pool in rice-wheat rotation soil under flooding and suitable water conditions

作　　者：李智 郭明月 朱文昊 罗来超 王智 张朝春 叶新新[1] LI Zhi;GUO Mingyue;ZHU Wenhao;LUO Laichao;WANG Zhi;ZHANG Chaochun;YE Xinxin(College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2024年第9期1633-1642,共10页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省科技重大专项(202103a06020012)。

摘　　要：本研究以巢湖稻麦轮作区沙壤土和水稻土为研究对象,探究淹水和适水条件下施用不同磷肥对稻麦轮作土壤磷库动态变化的影响,为合理施用磷肥提供理论依据。2种土壤均设置适水处理和淹水处理,同时设3个施肥处理:不施磷肥(CK)、单施过磷酸钙(SSP)和单施控释活化磷酸二铵(LC-DAP),共12个处理。在恒温培养后第5 d、10 d、30 d、60 d采集土样,分析土壤磷库变化。结果表明:沙壤土中淹水处理下LC-DAP处理的活性磷库整体上最高,适水处理下SSP处理在10 d、60 d时的活性磷库最高,2种水分处理下,SSP处理的中等活性磷库整体上均最高;而在水稻土中SSP处理的活性磷库和中等活性磷库整体上均最高。沙壤土占比最大的磷组分是HCl-P,水稻土占比最大的磷组分是NaOH-P_(i)。培养开始后,2种土壤的NaOH-P_(o)含量明显下降,表明施用磷肥促进NaOH-P_(o)矿化。淹水处理NaHCO_(3)-P_(i)、NaHCO_(3)-P_(o)、NaOH-P_(i)和Residual-P与H 2O-P存在显著或极显著相关关系,而适水处理NaHCO_(3)-P_(o)、NaOH-P_(o)和Residual-P与NaHCO_(3)-P_(i)存在显著或极显著相关关系。施用磷肥显著增加活性磷库和中等活性磷库,而磷肥品种和水分处理仅影响活性磷库,不影响中等活性磷库和残余态磷库。In this study,sandy loam and paddy soil in Chaohu rice-wheat rotation area were used as the research objects to explore the effects of different phosphorus(P)fertilizers on the dynamic changes of soil P pool in rice-wheat rotation areas under flooding and suitable water conditions,so as to provide theoretical basis for rational application of P fertilizer in the given region.Suitable water treatment and flooding treatment were set for two soils,and three fertilization treatments were set,such as no P fertilizer(CK),single application of calcium superphosphate(SSP)and single application of lost-controlled diammonium phosphate(LC-DAP).There were 12 treatments in total.Soil samples were collected five days,ten days,30 days and 60 days after constant temperature culture,and the changes of soil P pool were analyzed.The results showed that the labile P pool in sandy loam was the highest on the whole in LC-DAP treatment under flooding condition,and under suitable water condition,the labile P pool was the highest after ten days and 60 days by SSP treatment.The moderate labile P pool was the highest on the whole in SSP treatment under two water conditions,while the labile P pool and moderate labile P pool were the highest on the whole under SSP treatment in paddy soil.HCl-P took the largest proportion of P component in sandy loam,and NaOH-P_(i) took the largest proportion of P component in paddy soil.NaOH-P_(o) contents in the two soils decreased obviously after cultivation,which indicated that the application of P fertilizer promoted mineralization of NaOH-P_(o).Under the condition of flooding,NaHCO_(3)-P_(i),NaHCO_(3)-P_(o),NaOH-P_(i) and Residual-P exhibited significant or highly significant correlations with H 2 O-P,while under the condition of suitable water,NaHCO_(3)-P_(o),NaOH-P_(i) and Residual-P exhibited significant or highly significant correlations with NaHCO_(3)-P_(i).Application of P fertilizer significantly increases the labile P pool and the moderate labile P pool,while P fertilizer varieties and water tre

关 键 词：磷肥 磷组分 磷库变化 不同水分处理 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]